| A | B |
|---|
| The founder of Islam | Muhammad |
| Islam began here | Arabia |
| The holiest city in Islam | Mecca |
| Muhammad preached this: belief in one supreme, eternal, and trascendent God | Monotheism |
| "There is no god but God (Allah), and Muhammad is the messenger of God." | The Shahada (Creed of Islam) |
| The name of the One God in Islam | Allah |
| Muhammad fled to this city and built up a group of followers | Medina |
| The scared scriptures of Islam | Quran |
| The sayings and actions of Muhammad | Hadith |
| Muslims must do this five times a day | Pray while facing Mecca |
| Muslims do this during the month of Ramandan | Fasting (from sunrise to sunset) |
| Zakat, a duty for all Muslims | Charity |
| A journey to a holy site | Pilgrimage |
| The founder of the Ottoman Empire | Osman I |
| A hereditary absolute monarchy; the government of the Ottoman Empire | Sultanate |
| Represented the Ottoman Empire in Osman's Dream | A great tree |
| Represented the city of Constantinople in Osman's Dream | A jeweled ring |
| The capital of the Ottoman Empire | Istanbul, formerly Constantinople |
| Conquered Constantinople, the capital of the Byzantine Empire | Mehmed II "The Conqueror" |
| Defeated the Mamluks and added Mecca and Medina to the Ottoman Empire | Selim "the Grim" |
| Brought an Ottoman army to the gates of Vienna | Suleiman "the Magnificent" |
| An empire that relied on guns and cannons | Gunpowder empire |
| Christian slaves who served as the bodyguard of the Ottoman sultan | Janissaries |
| Suleiman declared toleration for this religious group | Jews |
| Suleiman's title in the Islamic world | The Lawgiver |
| Islamic law | Sharia |
| The human quest for truth, justice, virtue, and the good | Philosophy |
| Founder of Confucianism | Confucius (Kongzi, Master Kong) |
| The collected sayings and speeches of Confucius | The Analects |
| Books of history and poetry said to be edited by Confucius | Five Classics |
| A virtuous, impartial person who speaks with their actions and is always learning | Superior Man |
| The foundation of a good and orderly society, according to Confucius | Relationships |
| Honoring one's parents; the most important virtue in Confucianism | Filial piety |
| A good quality | Virtue |
| Confucius wanted to restore these | Correct names and proper rituals |
| Mythical founder of Daoism | Laozi ("The Old Master") |
| Meaning of "Dao" | The Way |
| Mysterious, eternal, supreme principle that is the source of reality | The Dao |
| Daoist try to do this | Act in a natural way |
| Three Treasures of Daoism | Compassion, frugality, humility |
| A succession of rulers from the same family | Dynasty |
| Ruled China after the fall of the Mongol Empire | Ming Dynasty |
| Aiming to preserve traditional values | Conservative |
| Official philosophy of the Ming Dynasty | Confucianism |
| Home of the Ming emperor in Beijing | Forbidden City/Palace |
| Rebuilt and expanded during the Ming Dynasty | Great Wall of China |
| Restored by the Ming as the path to government service | Imperial Examinations |
| Imperial examinations were essays on this topic | Confucian philosophy |
| Giving jobs based on skill/knowledge | Meritocracy |
| Currency of the Ming Dynasty | Paper money |
| Technology that allowed mass production of books and newspapers in Ming China | Movable-type printing press |
| Invented the compass, silk, gunpowder, and the printing press | Chinese civilization |
| This region surpassed China in technology during the Ming Dynasty | Europe |
| Chinese admiral who commanded Ming "treasure voyages" | Zheng He |
| Farthest region reached by Zheng He's ships | East Africa |
| Purpose of the Ming treasure voyages | Display the power and glory of the Ming |
| Common subjects in Ming painting | Nature, landscapes, court scenes, myth |
| Blue and white pottery from Ming China | Porcelain |
| Traditional Japanese beliefs about gods and nature spirits | Shintoism/Shinto |
| Blending two or more religious traditions | Syncretism |
| Two main religions in Japan | Shinto and Buddhism |
| Role of the emperor in feudal Japan | Figurehead |
| Military dictator of Japan | Shogun |
| Landowners and feudal lords of Japan | Daimyo |
| Warrior class of Japan | Samurai |
| Most people in feudal Japan belonged to this class | Peasants |
| Equipment of the samurai | Sword, bow, spear, armor, helmet |
| Way of the Warrior; the code of the Samurai | Bushido |
| According to the author of In the Shadow of Leaves, samurai must always meditate on this | Death |
| Ritual suicide by samurai to avoid dishonor | Seppuku |
| The unity of all reality, the source of creation and truth; God in Hinduism | Brahman |
| Three highest gods of Hinduism, representing different aspects of Brahman | Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva |
| The soul or self | Atman |
| Moral law, order, or right conduct in Indian religion | Dharma |
| Deeds lead to effects | Karma |
| Rebirth of one's soul in a new body | Reincarnation |
| Founder of Buddhism | Siddhārtha Gautama |
| Core teachings of the Buddha | Four Noble Truths |
| Buddhism seeks to end this | Suffering |
| Cause of suffering according to Buddhism | Desire |
| Extinguishing of desire | Nirvana |
| Buddhism's way out of suffering | Eightfold Path |
| Founder of the Mughal Empire | Babur |
| Location of the Mughal Empire | India |
| Rulers of the Mughal Empire followed this religion | Islam |
| Subjects of the Mughal Empire mostly followed this religion | Hinduism |
| Akbar's policy towards Hinduism | Religious toleration; including them in government |
| Syncretistic religion created by Akbar | Din-i Ilahi |
| Hindu princes within the Mughal Empire | Rajahs |
| Source of the Mughal's wealth | Control of trade with East Asia (silks, spices) |
| Mausoleum constructed by Shah Jahan for his wife | Taj Mahal |
| Trade routes controlled by the Songhai | Trans-Saharan |
| Songhai trading ports were on this river | The Niger |
| Brought Islam to West Africa | Arab and Berber merchants |
| Traded by the Songhai | gold, ivory, salt, cloth, slaves |
| Founder of the Songhai Empire | Sunni Ali |
| Religion practiced by most subjects of the Songhai Empire | Animism |
| Location of the Songhai Empire | West Africa |
| Major trading cities of the Songhai Empire | Timbuktu, Djenne, Gao |
