| A | B |
|---|
| chemical reaction | process in which one or more substances are changed into new substances |
| reactant | in a chemical reaction, the substance that reacts |
| product | in a chemical reaction, the new substance that is formed |
| chemical equation | shorthand method to describe chemical reactions using chemical formulas and other symbols |
| coefficient | number in a chemical equation that represents the number or units of each substance taking part in a chemical reaction |
| balanced chemical equation | chemical equation with the same number of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation |
| combustion reaction | a type of chemical reaction that occurs when a substance reacts with oxygen to produce energy in the form of heat and light |
| synthesis reaction | chemical reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a different substance |
| decomposition reaction | chemical reaction in which one substance breaks down into two or more substances |
| single-displacement reaction | chemical reaction in which one element replaces another element in a compound |
| double-displacement reaction | chemical reaction that produces a precipitate, water, or a gas when two ionic compounds in solution are combined |
| precipitate | insoluble compound that comes out of solution during a double-replacement reaction |
| oxidation | the loss of electrons from the atoms of a substance |
| reduction | the gain of electrons by the atoms of a substance |
| exergonic reaction | chemical reaction that releases some form of energy, such as light or heat |
| exothermic reaction | chemical reaction in which energy is primarily given off in the form of heat |
| endergonic reaction | chemical reaction that requires energy input (heat, light, or electricity) in order to proceed |
| endothermic reaction | chemical reaction that requires heat energy in order to proceed |
| catalyst | substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without being permanently changed itself |
| inhibitor | substance that slows down a chemical reaction or prevents it from occurring by combining with a reaction |
