| A | B |
|---|
| 1.) Color 2.) Texture 3.) Composition 4.) How rocks form | 4 ways geologists classify rocks |
| TEXTURE | Refers to the size, shape & arrangement of the rock's grain |
| GRAIN | one of the particles that make up a rock |
| COMPOSITION | The minerals the rock contains. |
| ROCK | A solid material made up of 1 or more minerals or other substances, including the remains of once-living things. |
| SEDIMENT | Examples: Sand, gravel, & mud |
| DEPOSITION | A process where sediment is laid down. |
| CEMENTATION | 2 processes that form rock from sediment and compaction. |
| INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS | Magma that cools slowly forms what? |
| SEDIMENTARY ROCKS | Magma that cools slowly forms what? |
| Lithification | pressure and chemical processes that transform sediments into rock |
| CALCITE | This cements sand particles together. |
| GRANITE | a coarse-grained, intrusive igneous rock composed mostly of quartz, alkali feldspar, and plagioclase |
| SILICA | Main ingredient in quartz |
| METAMORPHIC | Heat and pressure change Sedimentary rock to |
| IGNEOUS | Melting Metamorphic rock changes to magma and lava that form |
| SEDIMENATRY ROCK | Weathering and erosion change igneous rock to |
| ROCK CYCLE | The series of processes that slowly change Earths rock's from one kind to another is called the |
| WEATHERING | The process that breaks down rocks into sediments |
| EXTRUSIVE | Igneous rocks that are formed when magma erupts from a volcano or flows out onto the surface of the earth are called ________________rocks. |
| FOLIATED | layered metamorphic rocks |
| COMPACTION | process by which sediments are pressed together to form rock |
| CEMENTATION | process by which large sediments are glued together by dissolved minerals to form rock |
| NONFOLIATED | metamorphic rocks that don't have layers |
| BELOW | Igneous rocks that form ____ the surface are intrusive. |
| EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS | Lava that cools quickly forms ____ rocks. |
| ROCK | Quartz is a mineral; granite is ____. |
| FOLIATED | Metamorphic rocks that show layers of dark minerals alternating with layers of light minerals are classified as ____. |
| DETRITAL | Sedimentary rocks formed from broken fragments of other rocks are ____. |
| CLASTIC | type of sediment particles that have worn surfaces and rounded corners |
| BRECCIAS | type of sedimentary rock that is coarse-grained with angular fragments |
| GEOLOGISTS | Scientist that analyzes the composition of rocks |
| CONGLOMERATE | sedimentary rock with large, rounded clasts that have been polished |
| PARENT ROCK | rock that changes during metamorphism |
| DEEP IN THE CRUST | where does metamorphic rock formation occur? |
| CEMENTATION | process of forming sedimentary rocks in which dissolved materials crystallize and glue and sediments together |
| COMPACTION | process that forms sedimentary rocks from sediments compressed by the weight of the rock layers above them |
| METAMORPHIC | Rocks changed by intense heat or extreme pressure |
| DEPOSITION | process in which sediment is laid down in new locations |
| EROSION | the process of moving sediment from one place to another |
| DELTA | flat, low-lying triangular shaped land built up from silt carried downstream by a river and deposited at its mouth |
| MECHANICAL WEATHERING | the process of physically breaking down rock. |
| CHEMICAL WEATHERING | a process that changes the composition of rocks |
| INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK | Rock formed from the cooling and solidification (hardening) of magma beneath earth's surface. |
| EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK | Rock that forms as a result of volcanic activity at or near the Earth's surface. |
| ORGANIC SEDIMENTARY ROCK | Rocks that form from the remains of once-living plants and animals. |
| STRATIFICATION | The process in which sedimentary rocks are arranged in layers |
| NON CLASTIC | type of sedimentary rock e created when water evaporates or from the remains of plants and animals |
