| A | B |
|---|
| PROBLEM | WILL THE COLOR OF LIGHT AFFECT THE MASS OF FOOD CHICKENS EAT |
| HYPOTHESIS | IF THE COLOR OF LIGHT CHANGES, THEN THE MASS OF FOOD CHICKENS EAT CHANGES. |
| RESEARCH | INTERVIEW WITH FARMER BROWN ABOUT CHICKENS |
| PROCEDURE | 1. OBTAINED TWO CHICKEN HOUSES THAT WERE THE SAME SIZE. 2. PUT 15 HENS IN EACH HOUSE. 3. PUT A BLUE LIGHT BULB IN ONE HOUSE AND A WHITE BULB IN THE OTHER HOUSE... |
| RESULTS | THE CHICKENS WITH THE WHITE BULB AVERAGED EATING 40.23 KG OF FOOD PER DAY AND THE CHICKENS WITH THE BLUE BULB AVERAGED 37.89 KG OF FOOD PER DAY. |
| CONCLUSION | THE DATA COLLECTED INDICATED THE HYPOTHESIS SHOULD BE SUPPORTED. THERE WAS A MEASURABLE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE MASS OF FOOD EATEN WITH THE WHITE BULB COMPARED TO THE BLUE BULB. |
| RESEARCH | USING RESOURCES TO LOOK UP BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT A PROBLEM |
| HYPOTHESIS | A PROPOSED SOLUTION TO A PROBLEM |
| PROCEDURE | USUALLY HAS NUMBERED STEPS GIVING DIRECTIONS ON HOW TO COLLECT DATA |
| RESULTS | NUMERIC OUTCOMES OF THE EXPERIMENT |
| Liter (L) or milliliter (mL) | What unit would be used for measuring volume (such as a can of coke)? |
| meter (m) | Appropriate unit for measuring the length of a room? |
| ilometers (km) | Which unit would be used in determining distance from school to the Omaha Zoo? |
| grams (g) | What scientific unit would be most appropriate for measuring biomass of a soybean plant? |
| milligrams (mg) | Unit to measure the amount of ibuprofen in a capsule? |
| centimeters (cm) | Unit to measure the height of a blade of grass? |
| seconds (s) | normal measurement for time |
| degrees Celsius (oC) | scientific unit for temperature |
| milliliter (mL) | which unit would be used for finding the volume of a marble? |
| 5.00 Liter (L) | 5000 mL = ? L |
| 2.00 meters (m) | .002 km = ? m |
| cubic centimeters (cm3) | Which unit would be used for determining the volume of a box? |
| 0.45588 g OR BETTER 0.46 g | 455.88 mg = ? g |
| 257.77 centimeters (cm) | 2.5777 m = ? cm |
| g/mL | Which unit would be used for comparing the mass to volume ratio of a fluid |
| g/cm3 | Which unit would be used for comparing the mass to volume ratio of a book |
| problem | starts with "does" or "will" |
| hypothesis | starts with "if" or "as" |
| conclusion | includes "hypothesis is supported" |
| CONTROL GROUP | The wood blocks not treated with sealer. |
| RETESTS | Thirty trials for each type of wood sealer and the control group. |
| INDEPENDENT VARIABLE | COMPONENT MANIPULATED BY EXPERIMENTER |
| INDEPENDENT VARIABLE | FOUND BEFORE VERB IN PROBLEM STATEMENT |
| INDEPENDENT VARIABLE | FOUND BEFORE "THEN" IN HYPOTHESIS |
| DEPENDENT VARIABLE | COMPONENT THAT MAY CHANGE AS A RESULT OF THE INDEPENDENT VARIABLE |
| DEPENDENT VARIABLE | FOUND AFTER THE VERB IN A PROBLEM STATEMENT |
| DEPENDENT VARIABLE | FOUND AFTER "THEN" IN HYPOTHESIS |
| CONTROL GROUP | TEST/EXPERIEMENTAL GROUP WITHOUT THE IV |
| RETESTS | REPEATNG THE EXPERIMENT MULTIPLE TIMES (AT LEAST 10) FOR EACH TEST/IV GROUP |
| RETESTS | TEN TRIALS FOR EACH TYPE OF SURFACE. |
| CONSTANTS | PARTS OF THE EXPERIMENT KEPT THE SAME SO THE ONLY REASON FOR A DIFFERENCE IN DATA IS THE IV |
| CONSTANTS | THE SAME LENGTH OF RAMP. THE SAME HEIGHT OF RAMP. THE SAME AERODYNAMICS OF TOY CAR. THE SAME TIRES. THE SAME METHOD FOR RELEASING THE CAR. |
| FOLDED MOUNTAINS | created where two continental plates are pushed together EX: Mt. Everest |
| TRENCH | long and deep valley on the ocean floor created by subduction; ex: Mariana Trench |
| SUBDUCTION | process when one tectonic plate moves under another tectonic plate |
| DIVERGENT BOUNDARY | when two tectonic plates move away from each other |
| TRANSFORM BOUNDARY | boundary where two tectonic plates shear past each other |
| FAULT | a break in the Earth's crust caused by shearing; San Andreas |
| OCEANIC-CONTINENTAL CONVERGENCE | boundary where the more dense oceanic plate subducts under the less dense continental plate creating trenches or volcanic mountains |
| CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL CONVERGENCE | boundary where two continental plates collide creating folded mountains |
| OCEANIC-OCEANIC CONVERGENCE | boundary where denser plate is sub-ducted, deep trenches or volcanic islands formed |
| FOLDING | Process caused by compression of rock to form a mountain |
| PLATE BOUNDARY TYPES | divergent, convergent, transform |
| DIVERGENT BOUNDARY | boundary along which volcanoes form |
| TRANSFORM BOUNDARY | boundary along which earthquakes occur |
| MID-OCEAN RIDGE | long underwater volcanic mountain chain created when plates move apart |
| SUBDUCTION ZONE | the area of the asthenosphere where the plates melt |
| PACIFIC RING OF FIRE | a line of volcanoes that occurs along where the pacific plate is being subducted underneath other plates |
| DIVERGENT BOUNDARY | where new ocean crust is formed? |
| CONVERGENT BOUNDARY | Where old ocean crust is destroyed? |
| FOCUS | the place inside the earth where an earthquake starts |
| EPICENTER | the place on the earth's crust directly above the place where and earthquake starts |
| SEISOMOGRAPH | record of the movements of the earth's crust |
| PRIMARY (P) WAVES | travel through gases, liquids and solids push-pull waves fastest waves used to find the epicenter used to find travel time |
| SECONDARY (S) WAVES | travel through solids used to find the epicenter used to find travel time |
| SURFACE WAVES | travel through solids slowest waves cause the most damage |
| VISCOSITY | ability of a fluid to resist flowing |
| degrees Celsius | Scientific unit for temperature? |
| meniscus | Normally, liquid will curve at the edges of the surface where the liquid touches the container because water molecules are more attracted to glass than to each other. What is the curvature called? |
| beaker | approximately measures volume of a fluid |
| Temperature | Type of measure that measures the amount of heat energy |
| density | measured by the quantity of mass per unit volume. |
| graduated cylinder | precisely measures volume of a liquid |
| TEXTURE | Refers to the size, shape & arrangement of the rock's grain |
| GRAIN | one of the particles that make up a rock |
| ROCK | A solid material made up of 1 or more minerals or other substances, including the remains of once-living things. |
| SEDIMENT | Examples: Sand, gravel, & mud |
| DEPOSITION | A process where sediment is laid down. |
| CEMENTATION | 2 processes that form rock from sediment and compaction. |
| INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS | Magma that cools slowly forms what? |
| SEDIMENTARY ROCKS | Magma that cools slowly forms what? |
| METAMORPHIC | Heat and pressure change Sedimentary rock to |
| IGNEOUS | Melting Metamorphic rock changes to magma and lava that form |
| SEDIMENATRY ROCK | Weathering and erosion change igneous rock to |
| ROCK CYCLE | The series of processes that slowly change Earths rock's from one kind to another is called the |
| WEATHERING | The process that breaks down rocks into sediments |
| EXTRUSIVE | Igneous rocks that are formed when magma erupts from a volcano or flows out onto the surface of the earth are called ________________rocks. |
| FOLIATED | layered metamorphic rocks |
| COMPACTION | process by which sediments are pressed together to form rock |
| CEMENTATION | process by which large sediments are glued together by dissolved minerals to form rock |
| NONFOLIATED | metamorphic rocks that don't have layers |
| DETRITAL | Sedimentary rocks formed from broken fragments of other rocks are ____. |
| CLASTIC | type of sediment particles that have worn surfaces and rounded corners |
| GEOLOGISTS | Scientist that analyzes the composition of rocks |
| DEPOSITION | process in which sediment is laid down in new locations |
| EROSION | the process of moving sediment from one place to another |
| INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK | Rock formed from the cooling and solidification (hardening) of magma beneath earth's surface. |
| EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK | Rock that forms as a result of volcanic activity at or near the Earth's surface. |
| NON CLASTIC | type of sedimentary rock e created when water evaporates or from the remains of plants and animals |
| CLIMATE | long-term average of weather in an area |
| WEATHER | day-to-day changes in atmospheric conditions, including temperature, air pressure, humidity, wind, cloud coverage, or precipitation |
| AIR MASS | large body of air with the same temperature and humidity |
| FRONT | where two different air masses meet normally causing precipitation |
| HUMIDITY | amount of moisture in the air |
| JET STREAM | fast moving stream of wind where cold, polar air meets warm air from the equator |
| ANEMOMETER | tool that measures wind speed |
| BAROMETER | tool that measures air pressure |
| WIND VANE | tool that measures wind direction |
| AIR PRESSURE | the pressure caused by the weight of a column of air pushing down on an area |
| CONDENSATION | the process by which molecules of water vapor in the air become liquid water |
| EVAPORATION | the process by which water molecules in liquid water escape into the air as water vapor |
| PRECIPITATION | any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earth's surface |
| WATER CYCLE | the continual movement of water among Earth's atmosphere, oceans, and land surface through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation |
| DEW POINT | the temperature at which the water vapor in the air becomes saturated and condensation begins |
| COLD FRONT | A front where cold air moves in under a warm air mass. |
| WARM FRONT | Forms when warm air slides up and over a cold air mass; it brings gentle rain or light snow followed by warmer weather. |
| HIGH PRESSURE | A mass of sinking cool air that usually bring fair weather. |
| LOW PRESSURE | A mass of rising warm air air that usually bring stormy weather. |
| RELATIVE HUMIDITY | a percentage of the maximum amount of water vapor the air can hold at its current temperature |
| CLOUDS | tiny visible water droplets of ice crystals high in the air |
| ISOTHERM | line on the map joining up all the places with the same temperature. |
| CIRRUS CLOUDS | the most common of the high clouds. They are composed of ice and are thin, wispy clouds blown in high winds into long streamers |
| STRATUS CLOUDS | uniform grayish clouds that often cover the entire sky. They resemble fog that doesn't reach the ground. Light mist or drizzle sometimes falls out of these clouds. |
| CUMULUS CLOUDS | white, puffy clouds that look like pieces of floating cotton. These clouds are often called "fair-weather clouds". The base of each cloud is flat and the top of each cloud has rounded towers. |
| FOG | a cloud on the ground. It is composed of billions of tiny water droplets floating in the air. |
| CONTRAILS | condensation trails left behind jet aircrafts. These form when hot humid air from jet exhaust mixes with environmental air of low vapor pressure and low temperature. The mixing is a result of turbulence generated by the engine exhaust. |
| NITROGEN | Makes-up 78% of the atmospheric gases |
| TROPOSPHERE | the layer in which weather occurs |
| OXYGEN | 21% of atmospheric gases |
| STRATOSPHERE | home of the ozone layer Ozone layers protects us from the sun's harmful UV ray gases do not mix in this layer |
| CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER | greenhouse gases found in the atmosphere |
| MESOSPHERE | Coldest layer Meteors burn up in this layer |
| GREENHOUSE EFFECT | the warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that occur when water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases absorb and reradiate thermal energy (heat) |
| THERMOSPHERE | This layer has very high temperatures, but doesn't feel hot -Divided into two layer (exosphere and ionosphere) |
| GLOBAL WARMING | Gradual increase in average global temperature, due to an increase in greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere |
| TROPOSPHERE | contains 90% of the atmosphere's mass -densest atmospheric layer -lowest layer of the Earth's atmosphere |
| THERMOSPHERE | -Lowest air pressure-air very thin -Energy from the sun strikes this layer first |
| EXOSPHERE | Outermost layer of the Earth-Outer layer of the thermosphere -Communication satellites orbit in this layer |
| METEOROLOGY | The study of the Earth's atmosphere |
| ATMOSPHERE | gases surrounding the planet making conditions suitable for life |
| OZONE (O3) | a colorless, odorless reactive gas comprised of three oxygen atoms. It is found naturally in the earth’s stratosphere, where it absorbs the ultraviolet component of incoming solar radiation that could be harmful to life on earth. |
| TROPOPAUSE | the boundary, or transitional layer, between the troposphere and the stratosphere. |
| TROPO | affix meaning "turning or changing" |
| MESO | affix meaning "middle" |
| SPHERE | affix meaning "around" |
| THERM | affix meaning "heat" |
| EXO | affix meaning "outer" |
| ION | affix meaning "charged atoms/particles" |
| Doppler | a special form of radar that can be used to detect precipitation and approximate wind speed |
| computer model | Detailed program that solves a set of complex mathematical formulas. |
| surface report | Describes a set of weather measurements made on Earth's surface. |
| upper air report | Describes wind, temperature and humidity conditions above Earth's surface. |
| radiosonde | a ______ is a package of weather instruments that are carried into the atmosphere by a weather balloon |
| infrared satellite | provide information about cloud temperature and height |
| station model | displays many weather measurements for a specific location |
| thunderstorm | A small storm accompanied by thunder and lightning |
| lightnng | a sudden spark, or electrical discharge, between parts of a cloud, between nearby clouds or between a cloud and the ground. |
| tornado | a rapidly whirling, funnel-shaped cloud tha treaches down from a storm cloud to touch Earth's surface. |
| hurricane | a tropical storm that has winds of 119 Km per hour or higher |
| warning | an alert issued by the national weather forcasting agencies that severe weather is imminent or occuring |
| watch | issued when weather conditions are favorable for the development of severe weather |
