| A | B |
|---|
| SIMPLE MACHINES | Tools that make work easier by allowing us to push or pull over increased distances. |
| WEDGE | A simple machine that is wide at one end and pointed at the other to help cut or split other objects. |
| WHEEL AND AXLE | a disk that turns around axis and transfers force to and from an axis |
| LEVER | A stiff bar that moves about a fixed point |
| FULCRUM | PIVOT POINT ON A LEVER |
| EFFORT | The force needed to move a load. Also called applied force or input force. |
| INPUT FORCE | the force exerted on a machine |
| OUTPUT FORCE | the force exerted on an object by a machine |
| MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE | the number of time the force exerted on a machine is multiplied by the machine |
| EFFICIENCY | the percentage of the input work that is converted to output work |
| INCLINED PLANE | MACHINE WITH A FLAT SURFACE WITH ONE END HIGHER THAN THE OTHER |
| SCREW | an inclined plane wound around a central cylinder |
| FIXED PULLEY | changes direction of force, does not create a mechanical advantage |
| PULLEY | USE ROPE AND GROOVE WHEEL TO MOVE |
| COMPOUND MACHINE | two or more simple machines that operate together |
| 1ST CLASS LEVER | The fulcrum is located between the input and output forces |
| 2ND CLASS LEVER | Effort and fulcrum are on opposite sides, load is between them |
| 3rd class lever | effort is applied between fulcrum and load |
| RESISTANCE | the force that opposes the effort force |
| MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE | The number of times a machine multiplies or amplifies the effort or input force. |
| INCLINED PLANE | allow you to exert your force over a larger distance. As a result, the input force needed is less than the output force. |
| INCLINED PLANE | MA = Length of the ramp divided by Height of the ramp |
| INCLINED PLANE | BOAT RAMP |
| PULLEY | FLAG POLE |
| LEVER (2ND CLASS) | What simple machine is represented by a door hinge? |
| WHEEL AND AXLE | What simple machine is represented by a door knob? |
| LEVER (1ST CLASS) | What simple machine is represented by a see/saw or teter/totter |
| WEDGE | What simple machine is represented by teeth? |
| LEVER (3RD CLASS) | What simple machine is represented by swinging a baseball bat? |
| KG | Unit for mass when calculating force |
| m/s2 | unit for acceleration |
| Newtons | unit for force |
| Joules | Unit for energy |
| one | What is mechanical advantage when force arm equals resistance arm? |
| load/resistance | output force |
| effort | input force |
| one | What is the mechanical advantage of a fixed pulley? |
| fulcrum | Julian stands on his toes to lift his body high enough so that he can reach a book. In this example, Julian's toes are a |
| mechanical advantage | number that tells us how many times a simple machine multiplies the effort force |
| block and tackle | What type of machine combines fixed and movable pulleys? |
| inclined plane | Which machine consists of a sloping platform that enables an object to be raised without lifting it straight up? |
| actual mechanical advantage | -friction reduces the advantage on the machine by stealing some of your effort force |
| ideal mechanical advantage | Ignores friction (pretending you get the full advantage) |
| block and tackle | a system of two or more pulleys with a rope or cable threaded between them, usually used to lift heavy loads. |
