| A | B |
|---|
| an object in motion stays in motion unless acted on by an outside force | NEWTON'S 1ST LAW |
| more force = more acceleration | NEWTON'S 2ND LAW |
| for every action there is an = and opposite reaction | NEWTON'S 3RD LAW |
| A fireman turns on his hose & is knocked backwards | NEWTON'S 3RD LAW |
| You have to push a heavy ball harder to get it to move as fast as a small one | NEWTON'S 2ND LAW |
| A soccer ball will not move until a player kicks it | NEWTON'S 1ST LAW |
| If air is let out of a balloon quickly, air pushes down & balloon goes up | NEWTON'S 3RD LAW |
| Push a large box & a small box with the same force, the small box will go faster | NEWTON'S 2ND LAW |
| seatbelt stops you from hitting the windshield if you hit the brakes quickly | NEWTON'S 1ST LAW |
| A boy can throw a football farther than his friend because he uses more force | NEWTON'S 2ND LAW |
| Someone crashes their bike into a rock & is thrown over it to the ground | NEWTON'S 1ST LAW |
| The force of an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration. | NEWTON'S 2ND LAW |
| When riding a horse , the horse suddenly stops and you fly over its head. | NEWTON'S 1ST LAW |
| A tire pushes on the road and the road pushes on the tire. | NEWTON'S 3RD LAW |
| Which Newton's Law is also called the Law of Inertia? | NEWTON'S 1ST LAW |
| force = mass times acceleration | NEWTON'S 2ND LAW |
| LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY | ENERGY CANNOT BE CREATED OR DESTROYED |
| LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY | UNIVERSALLY ACCEPTED PRINCIPLE THAT TOTAL ENERGY REMAINS CONSTANT |
| SUM OF POTENTIAL AND KINETIC ENERGY IN A SYSTEM | MECHANICAL |
| SCIENTIFIC UNIT FOR ENERGY | JOULE (J) |
| THERMAL ENERGY | HEAT |
| SPLITTING OF ATOMIC NUCLEI | FISSON |
| MERGING OF ATOMIC NUCLEI | FUSION |
| ENERGY OF POSITION | POTENTIAL ENERGY |
| ENERGY OF MOTION | KINETIC ENERGY |
| STORED ENERGY | POTENTIAL ENERGY |
| 1/2mv^2 | KINETIC ENERGY |
| mgh | potential energy |
| power that an object gets from its position and motion. | mechanical energy |
| energy that is generated and measured by heat. | thermal energy |
| energy stored in bonds of chemical compounds | chemcial energy |
| energy an object possesses because of its position in a gravitational field. | gravitational potential energy |
| occurs when objects are impermanently compressed, stretched or generally deformed in any manner | elastic potential energy |
| depends on mass and motion | kinetic energy |
| potential energy that depends upon an object's height | GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY |
| the potential energy associated with objects that can be stretched or compressed | elastic potential energy |
| The transfer of energy from an object at a higher tem. to an object at lower temp. | thermal energy |
| a stretched bungee cord | elastic potential energy |
| boiling water | thermal energy |
| a person swimming | kinetic energy |
| Tell the type of conversion that takes natural gas is used to heat water | chemical to thermal |
| Niagara Falls is a good example of what energy conversion | mechanical to electrical |
| Sitting on a sled at the top of a hill | gravitational potential energy |
| What point has greatest kinetic energy? | D |
| What point has the lowest potential energy? | D |
| What point has the highest potential energy? | A |
| What point has the lowest kinetic energy? | A |
| A situation where if one variable increases, the other tends to decrease | inverse relationship |
| What is the relationship between kinetic energy and potential energy? | inverse relationship |
| If kinetic energy increases, then potential energy _______ | decreases |
| An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in same dirction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force | Newton's First Law |
| The resistance of any physical object to any change in its state of motion. Its tendency is to keep objects moving in a straight line at a constant velocity | inertia |
| It retains its state of rest or its velocity along a straight line. So as long as it in not acted upon by an external force | property of matter |
| The law of inertia | Newton's First Law |
| a push or pull | force |
| Resists a change in motion | Inertia |
| scientific unit for force | Newton (N) |
| force that acts between two objects to resit motion (acts opposite of the way they want) | friction |
| force of gravity; measured in newtons | weight |
| A force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses. | gravity |
| he acceleration of an object depends on the mass of the object and the amount of force applied. | Newton's 2nd Law |
| For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction | Newton's 3rd Law |
| The _____________ mass an object has the stronger the gravitational force. | more |
| The ______________ two objects are the stronger the gravitational force. | closer |
| F = m x a | Newton's 2nd Law |
| The unbalanced force required to accelerate a 2.0 kg mass at 4.0 m/s2is | 8.00 N |
| An object accelerates 3.0 m/s2 when a force of 6.0 newtons is applied to it. What is the mass of the object? | 2.00 kg |
| An object with a mass of 2.0 kg has a force of 4.0 newtons applied to it. What is the resulting acceleration of the object? | 2.00 m/s^2 |
| When you sit in your chair, your body exerts a downward force on the chair and the chair exerts an upward force on your body. | 3rd Law |
| rolling, sliding, fluid, static | types of friction |
| reaching maximum velocity | terminal velocity |
| refers to motion in a curved path representing accelerated motion, and requires a force directed toward the center of curvature of the path. This force is called the centripetal force which means "center seeking" force. | centripetal force |
| Also known as terminal speed | terminal velocity |
| air resistence | Drag |
| upward acting force on a wing or airfoil | lift |
| states that an increase in the speed of moving air or a flowing fluid is accompanied by a decrease in the air or fluid's pressure. | Bernoulli’s Principle |
| refers to forces that oppose the relative motion of an object through a fluid such as a liquid or gas. | drag |
| is used to overcome the drag of an airplane, and to overcome the weight of a rocket | thrust |
| rate of change of velocity over a period of time | accleration |
| units for acceleration | m/s^2 in a direction |
| units for velocity | m/s in a direction |
| units for Force | Newtons (N) |
| also called as uniform rate which involves something travelling at fixed and steady pace | constant speed |
| d/t in a specific direction | velocity |
| the speed of an object at any particular moment in time. | instantaneous speed |
| The total distance traveled divided by the time it takes to travel that distance | .average speed |
| landmarks/objects in a background that let you know motion has occurred | reference point |
| how fast or slow an object moves | speed |
| speed in a given direction | velocity |
| Tools that make work easier by allowing us to push or pull over increased distances. | SIMPLE MACHINES |
| A simple machine that is wide at one end and pointed at the other to help cut or split other objects. | WEDGE |
| a disk that turns around axis and transfers force to and from an axis | WHEEL AND AXLE |
| A stiff bar that moves about a fixed point | LEVER |
| PIVOT POINT ON A LEVER | FULCRUM |
| The force needed to move a load. Also called applied force or input force. | EFFORT |
| the force exerted on a machine | INPUT FORCE |
| the force exerted on an object by a machine | OUTPUT FORCE |
| the number of time the force exerted on a machine is multiplied by the machine | MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE |
| the percentage of the input work that is converted to output work | EFFICIENCY |
| MACHINE WITH A FLAT SURFACE WITH ONE END HIGHER THAN THE OTHER | INCLINED PLANE |
| an inclined plane wound around a central cylinder | SCREW |
| changes direction of force, does not create a mechanical advantage | FIXED PULLEY |
| USE ROPE AND GROOVE WHEEL TO MOVE | PULLEY |
| two or more simple machines that operate together | COMPOUND MACHINE |
| the force that opposes the effort force | RESISTANCE |
| The number of times a machine multiplies or amplifies the effort or input force. | MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE |
| allow you to exert your force over a larger distance. As a result, the input force needed is less than the output force. | INCLINED PLANE |
| MA = Length of the ramp divided by Height of the ramp | INCLINED PLANE |
| BOAT RAMP is what type of simple machine | INCLINED PLANE |
| FLAG POLE is what type of simple machine? | PULLEY |
| What simple machine is represented by a door hinge? | LEVER (2ND CLASS) |
| What simple machine is represented by a door knob? | WHEEL AND AXLE |
| What simple machine is represented by a see/saw or teter/totter | LEVER (1ST CLASS) |
| What simple machine is represented by teeth? | WEDGE |
| What simple machine is represented by swinging a baseball bat? | LEVER (3RD CLASS) |
| Tools that make work easier by allowing us to push or pull over increased distances. | SIMPLE MACHINES |
| A simple machine that is wide at one end and pointed at the other to help cut or split other objects. | WEDGE |
| a disk that turns around axis and transfers force to and from an axis | WHEEL AND AXLE |
| A stiff bar that moves about a fixed point | LEVER |
| PIVOT POINT ON A LEVER | FULCRUM |
| The force needed to move a load. Also called applied force or input force | EFFORT |
| the force exerted on a machine | INPUT FORCE |
| the force exerted on an object by a machine | OUTPUT FORCE |
| the percentage of the input work that is converted to output work | EFFICIENCY |
| Unit for mass when calculating force | KG |
| What is the mechanical advantage of one fixed pulley? | one |
| number that tells us how many times a simple machine multiplies the effort force | mechanical advantage |
| What type of machine combines fixed and movable pulleys? | block and tackle |
| -friction reduces the advantage on the machine by stealing some of your effort force | actual mechanical advantage |
| Ignores friction (pretending you get the full advantage) | ideal mechanical advantage |
| a system of two or more pulleys with a rope or cable threaded between them, usually used to lift heavy loads. | block and tackle |
| Acceleration due to gravity? | 9.8 m/s^2 down |
