| A | B |
|---|
| DORSAL/POSTERIOR | back |
| SUPERIOR | Toward the head or upper part of body. ABOVE Ex. Forehead is superior to the nose |
| INFERIOR | Away from head, lower part of body. BELOW Navel is inferior than to that breastbone |
| ANATOMY | the branch of morphology concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms, especially as revealed by dissection and the separation of parts. |
| PHYSIOLOGY | study of the functioning of living organisms, animal or plant, and of the functioning of their constituent tissues or cells |
| HISTOLOGY | cientific study of the microscopic structure of cells and tissues |
| TISSUES | group of cells that have similar structure and that function together as a unit |
| ANTERIOR | Front of body Ex. The breastbone is anterior to the spine |
| POSTERIOR | Refers to back Ex.The heart is posterior to the breastbone |
| SUPERFICIAL | Toward or at the body surface. Ex.The skin is superficial to the skeleton |
| DEEP | Away from the body surface, more internal. Ex. The lungs are deep to the rib cage. |
| ORGANIZATION | hierarchy of complex biological systems and structures |
| CELL | the smallest unit that can live on its own and that makes up all living organisms and the tissues of the body |
| ANATOMY | a study of the structure or internal workings of a body |
| CYTE | affix meaning "cell" |
| TISSUES | Groups of cells with similar structure and function |
| ORGANS | Any structure that has definite anatomical boundaries, is visually distinguishable from adjacent organs and is composed of two or more types of tissue working together to carry out a particular function |
| ORGAN SYSTEMS | A group of organs that carries out a basic function of the organism |
| EPITHELIAL TISSUE | Protections, absorption, filtration, secretion |
| STRATIFIED | classification of tissue with more than one layer of cells |
| simple | classification tissue with one cell layer |
| connective tissue | Binds body tissues together, supports the body, provides protection |
| nervous tissue | groups of organized cells in the nervous system, which is the organ system that controls the body’s movements, sends and carries signals to and from the different parts of the body, and has a role in controlling bodily functions such as digestion. |
| muscle tissue | Function is to produce movement / Three types: skeletal, cardiac, smooth |
| squamous, cuboidal, and columnar. | three forms of epithelial cell found in epithelial and endothelial tissues |
| squamous | flat epithelial cells |
| cuboidal | cube-shaped epithelial cell |
| columnar | An epithelial cell with height greater than its width |
| SKELETAL MUSCLES | striated or striped or voluntary muscles that function for movement |
| CARDIAC MUSCLES | an involuntary, striated muscle that constitutes the main tissue of the wall of the heart |
| SMOOTH MUSCLES | an involuntary, non-striated muscle,contracts without any voluntary control |
| EPI | affix meaning "OUTER" |
| MYO | affix meaning "MIDDLE" |
| ENDO | affix meaning "INNER" |
| MULTINUCLEATE | has more than one nucleus because specialized cells have merged |
| STRIATIONS | any of the alternating light and dark crossbands that are visible in certain muscle fibers |
| MULTI | affix meaning "MORE THAN ONE" |
| UNI | affix meaning "ONE" |
| INVOLUNTARY MUSCLE | the muscles that contract or move without conscious control |
| VOLUNTARY MUSCLE | skeletal muscles that contract and relax under conscious control |
| PERISTALSIS | example of smooth muscle movement: a series of wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract |
| NEURONS | electrically excitable cells that transmit signals throughout the body |
| NEUROGLIA | a class of cells in the brain and spinal cord that form a supporting structure for the neurons and provide them with insulation. |
| LOOSE | the most abundant of the connective tissues in the body, holds and binds organs together, and is characterized by its loose, multidirectional weave of extracellular fibers |
| DENSE | tissue which supports, protects, and holds bones, muscles, and other tissues and organs in place |
| RETICULAR | fine fibrous connective tissue occurring in networks to make up the supporting tissue of many organs |
| AVASCULAR | having few or no blood vessels. |
