| A | B |
|---|
| Sixth Amendment | an amendment to the Constitution that provides protections and rights to a person accused of a crime including the right to a speedy trial with an impartial jury |
| case law | law established by the outcome of former case |
| Code of Hammurabi | a written code of rules that guided the ancient society of Babylon; dates back to 1772 B.C. |
| common law | legal precedence based on customs and prior legal decisions; used in civil cases |
| constitutional law | the interpretation and implementation of the U.S. Constitution |
| criminal law | law that deals with crimes and the punishments associated with those crimes |
| juvenile law | law that deals with the actions and well-being of persons who are not yet adults |
| Magna Carta | a government document that limited the power of the king of England and protected the rights of the nobility; written by the English nobles in 1215 |
| military law | aws that have been developed to meet the needs of the military; UCMJ |
| regulation | a rule an agency of the executive branch makes to enforce a law |
| source | a main reference or point of origin |
| statutory law | the written law enacted by a legislature, as distinguished from unwritten law or common law |
| type | a particular category, kind, or group |
| accused | a person officially charged with a crime |
| alien | A foreign born resident of the US that has not been naturalized. |
| ambassador | an official representative of a country |
| amendment | any change in the Constitution |
| amnesty | a pardon to a group of people |
| anti-trust law | Legislature to prevent new monopolies from forming and to preserve & promote competition. |
| apathy | a lack of interest |
| appellate court | Type of court in which a party who lost a case in a lower court ask judges to review that decision and reverse it. |
| appropriations bill | Legislature that sets spending on particular programs for the coming year. |
| bail | a sum of money used as a security deposit to ensure that an accused person returns to his or her trial ( or court). |
| ballot | the list of candidates for which you cast your vote |
| bear market | a period in which stock prices declines for a substantial period of time. |
| Bill of Attainder | a law that punishes a person accuses of a crime without a trial or fair hearing in a court |
| black codes | aws after the Civil War that kept African Americans from holding certain jobs, giving them few property rights, and limited their rights in other ways. |
| bond | interest-bearing certificate of agreement between a borrower and a lender |
| boycott | the refusal to purchase goods or services |
| brief | a written document explaining the position of one side or the other in a court case. |
| budget deficit | a situation that occurs when a government spends more than it collects in revenues. |
| budget surplus | a situation that occurs when a government collects more revenues that it spends |
| bull market | a period during which stock prices steadily increase. |
| cabinet | a period during which stock prices steadily increase. |
| capital | the seat of government within a nation or state |
| cash crop | a crop produced mainly for sale or profit |
| caucus | a meeting of a political party members to conduct party business |
| censorship | the banning of printed materials or films due to alarming or offensive ideas. |
| census | a population count taken every 10 years by the federal government |
| charter | a government document granting permission to organize a corporation |
| civil case | court case in which one party in dispute claims to have been harmed in some way by the other |
| civil libertieis | freedoms to think and act without government interference or fear of unfair legal treatment |
| closed primary | laan election in which only the decred members of a party are allowed to vote for a party's nominees |
| cloture | a procedure in the senate to limit debate on a bill |
| collective bargaining | a process by which unions and employers |
| command economy | an economic system in which the government makes the major economic decisions |
| commonwealth | a type of US territory that has its own constitution, but its government is in power by the US Congress and is under US laws ( ex. Puerto Rico and US Virgin Islands) |
| communism | a one party system of government based on the idea of state ownership and direction of property and industry; developed by Karl Marxx; Pure communism is an economic system. |
| competition | efforts by different business to sell the same goods or services |
| complaint | a formal notice that a lawsuit has been brought. |
| concurrent jurisdiction | authority for both state and federal courts to hear and decide cases |
