| A | B |
|---|
| Loss | The experience of separation from something of personal importance. |
| Grief | Deep mental and emotional anguish that is a response to the subjective experience of loss of something significant. |
| Mourning | as the psychological process (or stages) through which the individual passes on the way to successful adaptation to the loss of a valued object. |
| Bereavement | described as the period of grief and sadness that is the normal process of reacting to a loss and may include mental, physical, social, and emotional reactions |
| KÜBLER-ROSS- Stage 1 | Denial |
| KÜBLER-ROSS- Stage 2 | Anger |
| KÜBLER-ROSS- Stage 3 | Bargaining |
| KÜBLER-ROSS- Stage 4 | Depression |
| KÜBLER-ROSS- Stage 5 | Acceptance |
| BOWLBY- Stage 1 | Numbness/protest |
| BOWLBY- Stage 2 | Disequilibrium |
| BOWLBY- Stage 3 | Disorganization and despair |
| BOWLBY- Stage 4 | Reorganization |
| Engel Stage 1 | Shock/disbelief |
| Engel Stage 2 | Developing awareness |
| Engel Stage 3 | Restitution |
| Engel Stage 4 | Resolution of the loss |
| Engel Stage 5 | Recovery |
| WORDEN Stage 1 | Accepting the reality of the loss |
| WORDEN Stage 2 | Processing the pain of grief |
| WORDEN Stage 3 | Adjusting to a world without the lost entity |
| WORDEN Stage 4 | Recovery |
| Anticipatory grieving | he experiencing of the feelings and emotions associated with the normal grief response before the loss actually occurs. |
| Delayed or Inhibited Grief | refers to the absence of evidence of grief when it ordinarily would be expected. |
| Distorted (Exaggerated) Grief Response | all of the symptoms associated with normal grieving are exaggerated. |
| Chronic or Prolonged Grieving | may be a problem when behaviors such as those that prevent the bereaved from adaptively performing activities of daily living are in evidence. |
| Bereavement overload | Aging individuals experience many losses and are vulnerable to depression and feelings of low self-worth |
| Birth to Age 2 | irritable and crying more. |
| Ages 3 to 5 | difficulty distinguishing between fantasy and reality. They believe death is reversible, and their thoughts about death may include magical thinking. |
| Ages 6 to 9 | They may believe that death is contagious and avoid association with individuals who have experienced a loss by death. Death is often personified, in the form of a “bogey man” or a monster—someone who takes people away or someone whom they can avoid if they try hard enough. |
| Ages 10 to 12 | interested in the physical aspects of dying and the final disposition of the body. Peer relationships and school performance may be disrupted. |
| Adolescents | they have difficulty tolerating the intense feelings associated with the death of a loved one. They may or may not cry. They may withdraw into themselves or attempt to go about usual activities to avoid dealing with the pain of the loss. Some teens exhibit acting-out behaviors, such as aggression and defiance. It is often easier for adolescents to discuss their feelings with peers than with their parents or other adults |
| Hospice | a program that provides palliative and supportive care to meet the special needs of people who are dying and their families. |
| Advance Directives | an individual to provide directions about his or her future medical care. |
| A living will | a written document made by a competent individual that provides instructions that should be used when that individual is no longer able to express his or her wishes for health-care treatment. |
| The durable power of attorney | is a written form that gives another person legal power to make decisions regarding health care when an individual is no longer capable of making such decisions. |
| Patient Self-Determination Act | requires that all health-care facilities must advise clients of their rights to refuse treatment, to make advance directives available to clients on admission, and to keep records of whether a client has an advance directive or a designated health-care proxy |
