| A | B |
|---|
| Mercantilism | An economic theory based on reducing a country's imports while expanding its exports in order to maximize wealth. |
| Transatlantic Trade | goods and people were exchanged between Africa Europe West Indies; and North America (Triangular trade) |
| Navigation Acts | A series of laws passed by England in the mid-1600s to control the trade of the English colonies. |
| Indentured Servants | Lower class Englishmen who could not afford to pay for the voyage to North America and worked for a land owner in exchange for their passage to North America. |
| Southern Colonies | Virginia; Maryland; (North and South) Carolina; and Georgia. The region's rich soil and long growing season; fostered the development of strong agricultural producing colonies. |
| Jamestown | The first permanent English settlement in North America; founded in 1607 |
| Joint-Stock company | A company made up of a group of shareholders. Each shareholder contributes some money to the company and receives some share of the company's profits and debts. |
| Virginia Company | A joint-stock company; which raised capital for the expedition to America by selling shares of company stock to investors. The company planned to send colonists to find gold and other valuable natural resources in America. |
| Virginia Charter | Document issued by the English government that gave the Virginia Company legal authority to govern and settle the Virginia colony in the name of England. |
| Captain John Smith | English explorer who helped found the colony at Jamestown; Virginia |
| John Rolfe | Englishman who made Jamestown profitable by introducing tobacco to the colony. |
| James Oglethorpe | Founder of the colony of Georgia |
| Mayflower Compact | Agreement between the settlers of the Plymouth colony to govern themselves through majority rule. |
| Salem Witch Trials | Hysteria that spread through Massachusetts in 1692 and led to over 150 colonists being accused of witchcraft. Of the 150 accused; 29 were convicted and 19 hanged. |
| King Philip's War | Early bloody conflict between English colonists and American Indian tribes. |
| New Netherland | Colony founded by the Dutch in 1614 that was later taken over by the English and became New York. |
| Mid-Atlantic Colonies | New York; New Jersey; Pennsylvania; and Delaware) that were created from the previous Dutch New Netherland colony. Noted for their good harbors and river systems; and agriculture such as wheat. |
| New England Colonies | Massachusetts; Connecticut; Rhode Island; New Hampshire. These colonies had poor soil and a short growing season. Known for shipbuilding and commerce. Settled by those seeking religious freedom. |
| Metacom | Native American chief who fought against English colonists in the King Philip's War |
