| A | B |
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| World War II | (1939 - 1945) A war fought in Europe; Africa and Asia between the Allied Powers of Great Britain; France; the Soviet Union; and the United States against the Axis Powers of Germany; Italy; and Japan. |
| Neutrality Act of 1939 | Act that allowed nations at war to buy goods and arms in the United States if they paid cash and carried the merchandise on their own ships |
| Lend-Lease Act | Allowed sales or loans of war materials to any country whose defense the president deems vital to the defense of the U.S. |
| Pearl Harbor | December 7; 1941 Japanese attack on the United States that brought America into World War II. |
| Pacific Theater | The area in which the United States and Japan fought during World War II; covering much of East Asia and many islands in the Pacific Ocean. |
| European Theater | The area in which the United States and her allies fought against Germany. |
| Island Hopping | In the Pacific Theater; the U.S. strategy of taking larger islands that could serve as landing strips and supply points for the US military while ignoring many smaller islands held by the Japanese. |
| Battle of Midway | 1942 World War II battle between the United States and Japan; a turning point in the war in the Pacific |
| Manhattan Project | A secret U.S. project for the construction of the atomic bomb. |
| Hiroshima and Nagasaki | Two Japanese cities on which the U.S. dropped the atomic bombs to end World War II. |
| Battle of Berlin | Final major offensive of the European Theatre of World War II; before the battle was over; Hitler and many of his followers committed suicide |
| Wartime Conversion | US factories converted from producing domestic products to producing war time products |
| Rationing | Limits placed on the amount of food; gasoline; and other resources that could be purchased by citizens in order to conserve resources for the war effort. |
| A. Philip Randolph | America's leading black labor leader who called for a march on Washington D.C. to protest factories' refusals to hire African Americans; which eventually led to President Roosevelt issuing an order to end all discrimination in the defense industries. |
| Executive Order 9066 | FDR's order to place all Japanese Americans in Internment Camps |
| Dwight D. Eisenhower | American General who began in North Africa and became the Commander of Allied forces in Europe. Later became the 34th President of the U.S. |
| Douglas MacArthur | American general; who commanded allied troops in the Pacific during World War II. |
| Internment Camps | Detention centers where more than 100;000 Japanese Americans were relocated during World War II by order of the President. |
