| A | B |
|---|
| Precedent | An action that sets a basis for similar situations as they arise in the future. Many of President George Washington's actions set patterns for future presidents to follow. |
| Alien and Sedition Acts | Laws passed during the presidency of John Adams that made it more difficult to become a citizen and made some criticism of the government a criminal offense. |
| Election of 1800 | Thomas Jefferson defeated John Adams in the first peaceful transition of power from one political party to another in United States history. |
| Marbury v. Madison (1803) | Supreme Court decision that established the principle of judicial review |
| Louisiana Purchase | 1803 purchase of the Louisiana territory from France. Made by Jefferson; this doubled the size of the US. |
| War of 1812 | Fought between the United States and Britain over Britain's refusal to respect American neutrality; their refusal to turn over forts in the Great Lakes area; the impressment of U.S. sailors; and the U.S. desire to conquer Canada while Britain was at war with France. |
| Monroe Doctrine | An 1823 statement of foreign policy which proclaimed that Europe should not interfere in affairs within the United States or in the development of other countries in the Western Hemisphere. |
| James Monroe | 5th president; begins expansionism including Florida and Missouri; as well as reigning over the Era of Good Feelings |
| Judicial Review | Allows the court to determine the constitutionality of laws |
| Era of Good Feelings | A name for President Monroe's two terms; a period of strong nationalism; economic growth; and territorial expansion. Since the Federalist party dissolved after the War of 1812; there was only one political party and no partisan conflicts. |
| Battle of New Orleans | Tremendous American victory by Andrew Jackson in 1815; fought after Treaty of Ghent had been signed |
| Treaty of Ghent | Treaty that ended the War of 1812 and maintained prewar conditions |
| Battle of Fort McHenry | Battle for the fort guarding Baltimore harbor; Inspired the writing of the Star Spangled Banner. |
| Francis Scott Key | United States lawyer and poet who wrote a poem after witnessing the British attack on Baltimore during the War of 1812. The poem later became the Star Spangled Banner. |
| Democratic-Republicans | Led by Thomas Jefferson; believed people should have political power; favored strong STATE governments; emphasized agriculture; strict interpretation of the Constitution; pro-French; opposed National Bank. |
| Washington's Farewell Address | Warned Americans not to get involved in European affairs; not to make permanent alliances; not to form political parties and to avoid sectionalism. |
| Impressment | British practice of taking American sailors and forcing them into military service |
| Lewis and Clark Expedition | an expedition sent by Thomas Jefferson to explore the northwestern territories of the United States |
| Federalists | Political party founded by Hamilton & Adams that believed in a strong government run by the wealthy; government aid to business; and a pro-British foreign policy |
