| A | B |
|---|
| cell | building block of all living things |
| chloroplast | plant organelle containing chlorophyll where light is converted into food |
| chromatin | long tangled strands of DNA found in the interphase nucleus of eukaryotes |
| cilia | short, hairlike projections whose beating moves fluids and cells |
| cytoplasm | clear fluid in eukaryotic cells that surrounds nucleus and organelles; site of many important chemical reactions |
| endoplasmic reticulum | folded system of membranes forming a type of transport system in the cytoplasm; can be rough (with ribosomes) or smooth (without ribosomes) |
| eukaryote | cell having a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles |
| flagella | threadlike structure composed of microtubules to propel cells using a whipping motion |
| Golgi apparatus | membrane sacs that receive, modify, and repackage proteins into forms the cell can use, expel, or keep |
| lysosome | membrane-bound organelles that digest food particles, viruses, bacteria, and worn out cell parts |
| mitochondria | organelles with highly folded inner membrane in which food is broken down to produce the energy-storing molecule ATP |
| nucleolus | region within the nucleus that produces ribosomes |
| nucleus | organelle that contains cell's DNA and manages cell's functions |
| organelle | internal membrane-bound structures in a cell |
| plasma membrane | boundary between a cell and its external environment; allows materials such as oxygen & nutrients to enter and waste products to leave |
| plastid | plant organelle; some contain pigments which give fruits & flowers their color; others contain starch and lipids |
| prokaryote | cell lacking a true nucleus or organelles |
| ribosome | eukaryotic organelles involved in protein synthesis |
| vacuole | membrane-bound, fluid-filled space within the cytoplasm; temporarily stores food, enzymes, and wastes |
| microfilament | thin, solid protein fibers present in the cytoskeleton; plays a role in cell structure & motion |
| compound light microscope | instrument that magnifies by passing visible light through an object, then through 2 or more lenses |
| electron microscope | instrument that magnifies by using a beam of electrons instead of light |
| cell theory | 1) life is made of cells 2) cell is basic unit of life 3) cells come from pre-existing cells |
| cell wall | firm structure outside plasma membrane of plants, fungi, bacteria, & protists for support & protection |
| chlorophyll | green pigment in chloroplasts that traps light energy from sun & gives plants their green color |
| cytoskeleton | network of microtubules and microfilaments in the cytoplasm of eukaryotes to provide support |
| microtubule | hollow, thin, protein cylinder found in cytoskeleton of eukaryotes for structure & motion |
| unicellular | organism that carries out all its life processes within its single cell |
| multicellular | organism made of many highly specialized cells |
| tissue | group of cells that function together to carry out an activity |
| organ | group of two or more tissues that perform an activity together |
| organ system | group of organs that work together to perform a major life function |
| stroma | the fluid that surrounds the grana membranes |
| grana | inner membranes of chloroplasts arranged in stacks of membranous sacs |
| thylakoid membrane | inner series of chloroplast membranes where light is trapped |
