| A | B |
|---|
| Louis Pasteur | Pasteurization rabies & anthrax vaccine disproved “spontaneous generation” |
| Alexander Fleming | Penicillin – 1st antibiotic |
| Walter Reed | Discovered the link between Yellow Fever and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes |
| Jonas Salk | Developed the polio vaccine using killed polio organisms |
| Albert Sabin | Live attenuated polio vaccine |
| Prion | Protein fragment |
| Prion diseases | Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Kuru Fatal Familial Insomnia |
| Virus | No cell wall no nucleus no ribosome DNA or RNA |
| Pathogenicity | Ability to cause disease |
| Invasion | Ability to penetrate the defenses of the host |
| Colonization | Ability to populate in a site |
| Virulence | Ability to cause serious disease |
| Prodrome | First sign of disease (generic symptoms) |
| Antigenic shifting | Ability to change surface antigens to avoid detection |
| Nosocomial | Hospital acquired infection |
| Iatrogenic | Caused by health personnel |
| Commensal | 1 benefits |
| Symbiosis | Ability of two dissimilar living together |
| Synergism | Both organisms together do more than individually |
| Parasitism | One organism benefits while causing harm to the other |
| Mutualism | Both organisms benefit from one another |
| Antagonism | One organism inhibits another |
| Disease triangle | Host agent and environment |
| Control of viral growth | Chemicals Heat Irradiation and Antiviral medication |
| Growth Eclipse period | viral attachment to 1st progeny |
| Growth Exponential period | progeny reproduction until it plateaus and no more viruses can be made |
| Virus+ sense | Viral RNA can be directly incorporated into the host cell proteins |
| virus- sense | Viral RNA must first be converted to a + sense by an RNA polymerase |
| All viruses are RNA except | 7 which are DNA |
| DNA group | Herpes Hepa DNA Human Papilloma Adenoma Parvo Pox and Polyoma |
| All DNA viruses are double stranded except | PARVO B19 which is ss |
| PARVO B19 | is single strand virus |
| All DNA viruses are icosahedral in shape except | POX which is complex |
| POX virus has | complex shape |
| Enveloped DNA viruses are | HepaDNA Pox and Herpes |
| Naked DNA viruses are | Human Papilloma Adenoma and Polyoma |
| Parvo B19 causes | Slapped Cheek syndrome AKA 5th disease or Erythema Infectiosum |
| Slapped Cheek syndrome AKA | 5th disease or Erythema Infectiosum |
| Human papilloma viruses types | 1 and 4 cause warts on the hand |
| Human HERPES viruses are | Double-stranded enveloped DNA viruses |
| HHV Type 1 causes | Herpes labialis crop of painful vesicles on lips |
| HHV Type 2causes | Herpes genitalis crop of painful vesicles on the vulva |
| HHV Type 3 causes | Chickenpox and herpes zoster |
| HHV Type 4 cause | Infectious mononucleosis & Burkitt’s lymphoma abnormal T cell - Downey |
| HHV Type 5 causes | Cytomegalovirus infection of the brain it crosses placenta and causes blindness in newborn |
| HHV Type 6&7 cause | Roseola infantum AKA 6th disease |
| HHV Type 8cause | Kaposi sarcoma in AIDS patients |
| Pox viruses are | Smallpox and Molluscum contagiosum |
| Adeno virus is a | naked DNA virus causing sore throat and swollen cervical lymph nodes |
| Bunya | Congo fever and California Equine Encephalitis |
| All RNA viruses are single stranded EXCEPT | the REO-Rota virus |
| Rota virus | is the most common cause of infantile diarrhea |
| All RNA single stranded viruses are + EXCEPT | Bunya Arena D Paramyxo Rhabdo Orthomyxo Filo |
| Arena | Lassa fever spread by direct contact with infected body fluids |
| Delta | Deficient delta virus which with Hep B causes hepatitis |
| Paramyxo viruses | Mumps Measles RSV and Parainfuenza viruses |
| Rhabdo virus | Bullet shaped virus infected raccoons foxes |
| Orthomyxo | Influenza H and N types causes fever |
| Filo | Ebola hemorrhagic fever spread by contact with infected body fluids |
| Mumps virus | Swollen parotid glands pancreatitis and even orchitis in males |
| Measles rubeola | Coryza conjunctivitis and Koplik spots inside cheek opposite lower molars |
| Respiratory Syncytial Virus | Most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in kids |
| Parainfluenza virus | Main cause of croup in kids under 5 |
| All + ss RNA viruses are naked except 4 who are | enveloped |
| The icosahedral + sense enveloped viruses are | FLAVI RETRO and TOGA |
| Helical+ sense enveloped virus | CORONA |
| Corona viruses +sense enveloped RNA causes | respiratory tract infections SARS & MERS |
| SARS | Corona virus which attacks the respiratory system |
| MERS | Corona virus which attacks the respiratory system |
| Flavi viruses+sense enveloped RNA | yellow fever dengue fever West Nile Zika |
| Yellow Fever | Spread by Aedes aegypti mosquito causes liver damage and jaundice |
| Dengue Fever spread by Aedes aegypti causes | fever severe myalgia and skin rash |
| Zika causes | microcephaly |
| West Nile virus caused | 1999 NY outbreak |
| Retro virus +sense enveloped RNA causes | HIV/AIDS destroys CD 4 cells |
| Toga viruses+sense enveloped RNA | Rubella and Chikungunya fever |
| Rubella virus causes | German measles |
| Chikungunya fever spread by | Aedes aegypti |
| Picorna viruses | Polio ECHO Rhino Coxsackie and Hepatitis A |
| Polio virus attacks | the ventral horn of spinal cord and causes infantile flaccid paralysis |
| Enteric Cytopathic Human Orphan virus causes | aseptic meningitis |
| Rhino virus causes | common cold |
| Coxsackie virus causes | hand foot and mouth disease |
| Hepatitis A Orofecal transmitted virus causing | jaundice and tender hepatomegaly |
| All hepatitis viruses are RNA except | Hepatitis B which is DNA |
| Sex and blood spread | Hepatitis B and C and D |
| Hepatitis C carrier state causes | Cirrhosis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
| Hepatitis D Deficient virus depends on Hep B to cause | hepatitis |
| Norovirus/Norwalk virus | Diarrhea in large group settings |
| Human Immune deficiency Virus | Single stranded retro virus destroys CD4 cells opportunistic infections |
| ARBO viruses spread by | mosquito vectors |
| ARBO virus diseases | Yellow Dengue West Nile and Chikungunya fevers and Zika virus infection |
| Aedes aegypti is vector for | Zika Dengue fever Chikungunya fever and Yellow fever |
| Culex pipens is vector for | West Nile virus |
