| A | B |
|---|
| MUSCLE SYSTEM | permits movement of the body, maintains posture, and circulates blood throughout the body. |
| SKELETAL MUSCLE | This classification of muscles are called striated muscles and are voluntary muscles. |
| Concentric contraction | .occurs when a muscle shortens as it contracts causing articular movements |
| ISOMETRIC CONTRACTION | No change in muscle length though tension exists and there is no movement of the body segments. |
| ECCENTRIC CONTRACTION | occurs when a muscle gradually releases as it elongates. |
| SMOOTH MUSCLES | They are involuntary muscles and are under the control of the autonomic nervous system. |
| CARDIAC MUSCLES | striated muscle but not under voluntary control |
| White also called Fast Twitch (FT) or Type II muscle fibers | are low vascularization and lower in myoglobin; and are quicker to fatigue. |
| SOMATIC MUSCLES | move bone or cartilage. The somatic nervous system is associated with the voluntary control of body movements via skeletal muscles. |
| SKELETAL SYSTEM | highly elastic and have strong contractual power. These muscles works in pairs and is attatched to bones by tendons |
| Red also called Slow-twitch (ST) or Type I muscle fibers | muscle fibers are generally thinner, invested by a denser capillary network, and appear red owing to the presence of a large amount of the oxygen-binding protein myoglobin and resist fatigue |
| FLEXOR | skeletal muscle that bends a joint. |
| ACTIN | A muscle protein that participates in many kinds of cell movement, including muscle contraction, during which interacts with filaments of a second protein called myosin |
| EXTENSION | Returns limb to normal position |
| FASCICLE | A bundle of skeletal muscle fibers surrounded by perimysium, a type of connective tissue. |
| INVOLUNTARY | a muscle that can't be conciously controlled |
| MUSCLE FATIGUE | The inability of a muscle to contract. |
| MYOSIN | Thick contractile proteins of muscles |
| TENDON | Strong fibrous material attaching a muscle to bone. |
| EXTENSOR | A muscle that straightens a joint. A skeletal muscle whose contraction extends or stretches a body part. |
| VOLUNTARY MUSCLE | Muscles whose contractions are under conscious control. |
| CONTRACTION | A shortening or tensing of a muscle or organ |
| ELASTICITY | The ability of the muscle to return to original shape. |
| EXCITABILITY | The ability of a muscle to respond to a stimulus such as a nerve or electrical impulse. The stronger the impulse, stronger the muscle response |
| MYOCYTES | a muscle tissue cell |
| FASCIA | structure of connective tissue that surrounds muscles, groups of muscles, blood vessels, and nerves, binding some structures together, while permitting others to slide smoothly over each other |
| EPIMYSIUM | type of connective tissue that is outermost layer, surrounds entire muscle |
| PERIMYSIUM | separates and surrounds fascicles |
| ENDOMYSIUM | surrounds each individual muscle fiber |
| Sarcolemma | muscle fiber membrane |
| Sarcoplasm | inner material surrounding fibers (like cytoplasm) |
| Sarcoplasmic Reticulum | transport |
| Myofibrils | individual parallel muscle fibers within sarcoplasm |
| actin | thin filaments of myofibrils |
| myosin | thick filaments of myofibrils |
| muscle fatigue | muscle loses ability to contract after prolonged use |
| muscle cramp | a sustained involuntary contraction |
| oxygen debt | not have enough oxygen causes lactic acid to accumulate in the muscles → Soreness |
| HYPERTROPHY | muscles enlarge |
| ATROPHY | muscles become small and weak due to disuse |
| flesh | affix "sacro" |
| muscle | affix "myosium or myo" |
| acetylcholine | protein necessary for muscle contraction triggering the firing of motor neurons and affecting movements by opening receptor cells |
| sarcoplasmic reticulum | storing tubular system that provides |
| sacoplasm | cytoplasm of muscle fibers |
| A band | a part of sarcolemma in middle of sarcomere with darker, thicker bands of myosin |
| I band | a part of sarcolemma that is light and thin composed of actin |
| sarcomeres | Compartments of arranged filaments which are basic contractile unit of striated muscle; the segment of a myofibril between two adjacent z-lines |
| z discs | a part of sarcolemma that separates one sarcomere from the next |
| H zone | a part of sarcolemma includes area of A Band with only thick filaments-contains only myosin |
| M line | a part of the sarcolemma that is composed of supporting proteins holding thick filaments together at the H zone |
