| A | B |
|---|
| functions of the nasal cavity mucosa | warm, filter, humidify |
| mucous-membrane-lined cavities of the skull | sinuses |
| passageway common to the digestive & respiratory systems; the throat | pharynx |
| below the pharynx; branches into the bronchi; windpipe | trachea |
| clusters of lymphatic tissue found in the pharynx; aid in the body's defense system | tonsils |
| re-enforce the trachea & prevent it from collapsing | cartilage rings |
| voice box | larynx |
| elastic fibrous tissue that vibrates with exhaled air and allow speech | vocal cords |
| smallest respiratory passageways | bronchioles |
| food passageway posterior to the trachea | esophagus |
| closes off the larynx during swallowing | epiglottis |
| numerous to increase the amount of gass exchange | alveoli |
| pleural layer covering the thorax walls | parietal pleura |
| pleural layer covering the lungs | visceral pleura |
| period of breathing when air enters the lungs | inspiration |
| network of capillaries over the alveoli | respiratory membrane |
| mucus layer over cilia that line the passages of the lungs | respiratory mucosa |
| period of breathing when air exits the lungs | expiration |
| alternate flushing of air into and out of the lungs | ventilation (breathing) |
| exchange of gases between capillary blood and cells | internal respiration |
| exchange of gases between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood | external respiration |
| sudden inspiration resulting from spasms of the diaphragm | hiccup |
| direction of movement of gases in diffusion | from higher to lower concentration |
| movement of carbon dioxide in the body | from tissue cells to capillary blood to alveolar air |
| direction of movement of oxygen in the body | from alveoli air to capillary blood to tissue cells |
| blood poor in carbon dioxide and rich in oxygen | arterial blood |
| blood rich in carbon dioxide but poor in oxygen | venous blood |
| causes an increased use of the inspiratory and expiratory reserve volumes | exercise |
| thorax & lung volume during diaphragm contraction | increases |
| thorax pressure during diaphragm contraction | decreases |
| direction of air flow during diaphragm contraction | in |
| direction of rib movement during diaphragm contraction | out |
