| A | B |
|---|
| sociology | scientific study of human behavior |
| social structure | the patterned interaction of people |
| bourgeoisie | Marx's term for the "owners" in society |
| positivism | belief that knowledge comes from scientific observation |
| dramaturgy | depicts human behavior as theatrical performances |
| proletariat | Marx's term for the workers in society |
| perspective | a particular point of view |
| mechanical solidarity | social dependency based on shared values and beliefs |
| organic solidarity | social dependency based on a high degree of specialization in the economy |
| manifest function | the intended purpose or consequence |
| norms | accepted behaviors |
| a negative consequence | dysfunction |
| political science | the study of government and public administration |
| anthropology | the study of humans in preliterate societies |
| symbol | an object, or gesture that stands for something else |
| verstehen | seeing a culture through the perspective of someone in that culture |
| secondary analysis | using census data that was previously collected |
| causation | one event leads to another event |
| qualitative research | research methods that look for patterns and give detail |
| quantitative research | research that uses statistical methods to measure results |
| covert participant observation | research technique in which researcher observes and does not reveal his purpose |
| survey | research methods in which people respond to questions |
| population | a group of people with certain specified characteristics |
| closed-ended questions | survey questions with limited responses to choose from |
| dependent variable | the variable that reflects a change |
| hypothesis | testable statement of relationships among variables |
| drive | impulse to reduce discomfort |
| reflex | the body's automatic response to physical stimulus |
| law | a norm that is formally defined and enforced by officials |
| taboo | a rule of behavior that calls for the strongest punishment |
