| A | B |
|---|
| chromosomes | genes are found on these structures |
| gene | a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a particular protein |
| alleles | different forms of the same gene (ex: T or t) |
| homozygous | containing two alleles that are the same (ex: tt or TT) |
| heterozygous | containing two alleles that are different (ex: Tt) |
| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism (ex: Tt) |
| phenotype | the physical trait that an organism develops as a result of its genotype (ex: tall) |
| Law of Independent Assortment | During meiosis, genes for different traits are separated and distributed to gametes independently of one another |
| karyotype | a chart showing all of an organism's chromosomes, arranged in homologous pairs |
| homozygous | alleles are identical |
| heterozygous | when the genotype includes both a dominant and a recessive allele |
| genotype | symbols used to represent the alleles of an organism |
| phenotype | written description of the trait we observe in an organism |
| dominant | a trait that masks another; represented by a capital letter |
| recessive | a trait that is only expressed in the homozygous form |
| allele | a varying form of a gene |
| purebred | another term for homozygous where alleles are the same |
| Mendel | the father of genetics ( studied pea plants) |
| hybrid | another term for heterozygous where the alleles are different |
| heterozygous | Bb |
| heterozygous | one uppercase letter & one lowercase letter |
| Punnett square | used to predict probable outcomes of crosses |
| homozygous dominant | two capital letters |
| chromosomes | coils of DNA which contain genetic information |
| homozygous recessive | bb |
| homozygous recessive | two lowercase letters |
| chromosomes | genes are found on these structures |
| gene | a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a particular protein |
| alleles | different forms of the same gene (ex: T or t) |
| homozygous | containing two alleles that are the same (ex: tt or TT) |
| heterozygous | containing two alleles that are different (ex: Tt) |
| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism (ex: Tt) |
| phenotype | the physical trait that an organism develops as a result of its genotype (ex: tall) |
| genotype of a female | XX |
| homozygous dominant | BB |
| homozygous dominant | TT |
| heterozygous | Tt |
| homozygous recessive | tt |
| trait | a genetically determined characteristic |
| genome | complete set of genes in an organism |
| chromosomes | genes are found on these structures |
| gene | a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a particular protein |
| alleles | different forms of the same gene (ex: T or t) |
| homozygous | containing two alleles that are the same (ex: tt or TT) |
| heterozygous | containing two alleles that are different (ex: Tt) |
| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism (ex: Tt) |
| phenotype | the physical trait that an organism develops as a result of its genotype (ex: tall) |
| genotype of a male | XY |
| genotype of a female | XX |
| homozygous | alleles are identical |
| heterozygous | when the genotype includes both a dominant and a recessive allele |
| genotype | symbols used to represent the alleles of an organism |
| phenotype | written description of the trait we observe in an organism |
| dominant | a trait that masks another; represented by a capital letter |
| recessive | a trait that is only expressed in the homozygous form |
| allele | a varying form of a gene |
| purebred | another term for homozygous where alleles are the same |
| Mendel | the father of genetics ( studied pea plants) |
| hybrid | another term for heterozygous where the alleles are different |
| heterozygous | Bb |
| heterozygous | one uppercase letter & one lowercase letter |
| Punnett square | used to predict probable outcomes of crosses |
| homozygous dominant | two capital letters |
| chromosomes | coils of DNA which contain genetic information |
| homozygous recessive | bb |
| homozygous recessive | two lowercase letters |
| chromosomes | genes are found on these structures |
| gene | a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a particular protein |
| alleles | different forms of the same gene (ex: T or t) |
| homozygous | containing two alleles that are the same (ex: tt or TT) |
| heterozygous | containing two alleles that are different (ex: Tt) |
| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism (ex: Tt) |
| phenotype | the physical trait that an organism develops as a result of its genotype (ex: tall) |
| trait | a genetically determined characteristic |
| carrier | used with heterozygous/hybrid female in sex linked traits |
| Law of Dominance | When an organism is hybrid for a pair of contrasting traits, only the dominant trait can be seen in the hybrid. |
| gene | a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a particular protein |
| alleles | different forms of the same gene (ex: T or t) |
| incomplete dominance | occurs when two alleles contribute to the phenotype;traits blend |
| codominance | both traits are expressed at the same time |
| purebred | another term for homozygous where alleles are the same |
| hybrid | another term for heterozygous where the alleles are different |
| heterozygous | Bb |
| heterozygous | one uppercase letter & one lowercase letter |
| Punnett square | used to predict probable outcomes of crosses |
| homozygous dominant | two capital letters |
| homozygous recessive | bb |
| homozygous recessive | two lowercase letters |
| gene | a sequence of nucleotides in DNA that codes for a particular protein |
| alleles | different forms of the same gene (ex: T or t) |
| homozygous | containing two alleles that are the same (ex: tt or TT) |
| heterozygous | containing two alleles that are different (ex: Tt) |
| genotype | the genetic makeup of an organism (ex: Tt) |
| phenotype | the physical trait that an organism develops as a result of its genotype (ex: tall) |
| monohybrid | crossing of one trait |
| dihybrid | crossing of two traits |
| incomplete dominance | BB' |
| co-domianance | BW |
| complete dominance | Bb |
