| A | B |
|---|
| Thermodynamics | the science of energy as it flows through a system |
| First Law of Thermodynamics | Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can change form. |
| Second Law of Thermodynamics | When energy changes from one form to another, some energy becomes entropy. |
| entropy | Energy that "escapes" the system in an unusable form. It contributes to the randomness or breakdown of the system. |
| enthalpy | the total energy of a system |
| Gibbs Free Energy | the usable energy produced in a system |
| catalyst | a substance that alters the rate of a reaction without itself being a reactant |
| enzyme | an organic catalyst |
| active site | actual position on a molecule where the new bond may be formed |
| activation energy | amount of required energy to get a reaction started |
| exothermic | a reaction yielding more energy that what it absorbed |
| endothermic | a reaction that absorbs more energy that it gives off |
| spontaneous reaction | a reaction that does not require activation energy |
| kinetic theory of matter | all matter is made of particles that are in motion |
| temperature rule for reaction rate | A ten degree Celsius temperature increase will double the reaction rate. |
| collision theory | Particles must strike each other with sufficient force at specific locations on their surfaces if new bonds are to be made. |
| activated complex | All reactants with sufficient energy to start a reaction |
| Joule | energy unit equal to one newton of force acting through a distance of one meter |
| calorie | energy unit equal to raising one gram of water one degree Celsius |
| Heat equivalent of work | One calorie = 4.2 joules |
| energy | the ability to do work |
| temperature | the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance |
