| A | B |
|---|
| Power Distance Index (PDI | The extent to which less powerful members of institutions and organisations accept that power is distributed unequally. |
| Individualism (IDV) | A cultural orientation where the emphasis is on individual achievements and autonomy. |
| Collectivism | A cultural orientation where the emphasis is on the group's needs and goals over individual ones. |
| Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI) | The degree to which a society feels threatened by uncertain or unknown situations. |
| Masculinity (MAS) | A cultural perspective that values assertiveness |
| Femininity | A cultural perspective that values relationships |
| Long-term Orientation (LTO) | A cultural value that emphasises the future |
| Short-term Orientation | A cultural value that focuses on the present and past |
| Indulgence | The degree to which a society allows for the gratification of fun and enjoyment needs |
| Restraint | The degree to which a society suppresses gratification of needs and regulates it by means of strict social norms. |
| Cultural Dimension | An aspect of a culture that can be measured relative to other cultures. |
| Cross-Cultural Communication | The process of exchanging |
| Cultural Variance | Differences in cultures |
| Hierarchical Society | A society that ranks individuals based on levels of power and status |
| Egalitarian Society | A society that minimises power and status differences |
| Individualistic Society | A society that values individual freedom |
| Collectivist Society | A society that values group harmony |
| Normative Society | A society that prefers to maintain time-honoured traditions and norms while viewing societal change with suspicion |
| Pragmatic Society | A society that does not expect quick results and encourages thrift and efforts in modern education as a way to prepare for the future |
| Power Distance Index (PDI) | This refers to the degree to which less powerful members of a society accept and expect that power is distributed unequally. |
| Individualism vs Collectivism (IDV) | This dimension measures the degree to which people in a society are integrated into groups. Individualistic societies emphasize individual needs and rights |
| Uncertainty Avoidance Index (UAI) | This reflects a society's comfort level with uncertainty and ambiguity. High UAI societies try to minimize uncertain situations with strict rules and regulations |
| Masculinity vs Femininity (MAS) | This refers to the distribution of roles between genders in a society. Masculine societies value assertiveness |
| Long-term Orientation vs Short-term Orientation (LTO) | This refers to a society's attitude toward time and change. Long-term oriented societies value future rewards |
| Indulgence vs Restraint (IND) | This dimension measures a society's tendency to allow relatively free gratification of basic and natural human desires related to enjoying life and having fun (indulgence) |
| Hofstede's Dimensions of Culture | A framework developed by Geert Hofstede for comparing cultural norms across countries |
