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| ANATOMY | the branch of morphology concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living organisms, especially as revealed by dissection and the separation of parts. |
| PHYSIOLOGY | study of the functioning of living organisms, animal or plant, and of the functioning of their constituent tissues or cells |
| HISTOLOGY | cientific study of the microscopic structure of cells and tissues |
| TISSUES | group of cells that have similar structure and that function together as a unit |
| ORGANIZATION | hierarchy of complex biological systems and structures |
| CELL | the smallest unit that can live on its own and that makes up all living organisms and the tissues of the body |
| CYTE | affix meaning "cell" |
| TISSUES | Groups of cells with similar structure and function |
| ORGANS | Any structure that has definite anatomical boundaries, is visually distinguishable from adjacent organs and is composed of two or more types of tissue working together to carry out a particular function |
| ORGAN SYSTEMS | A group of organs that carries out a basic function of the organism |
| EPITHELIAL TISSUE | Protections, absorption, filtration, secretion |
| connective tissue | Binds body tissues together, supports the body, provides protection |
| nervous tissue | groups of organized cells in the nervous system, which is the organ system that controls the body’s movements, sends and carries signals to and from the different parts of the body, and has a role in controlling bodily functions such as digestion. |
| muscle tissue | Function is to produce movement / Three types: skeletal, cardiac, smooth |
| SKELETAL MUSCLES | striated or striped or voluntary muscles that function for movement |
| CARDIAC MUSCLES | an involuntary, striated muscle that constitutes the main tissue of the wall of the heart |
| SMOOTH MUSCLES | an involuntary, non-striated muscle,contracts without any voluntary control |
| EPI | affix meaning "OUTER" |
| MYO | affix meaning "MIDDLE" |
| ENDO | affix meaning "INNER" |
| MULTINUCLEATE | has more than one nucleus because specialized cells have merged |
| STRIATIONS | any of the alternating light and dark crossbands that are visible in certain muscle fibers |
| MULTI | affix meaning "MORE THAN ONE" |
| UNI | affix meaning "ONE" |
| INVOLUNTARY MUSCLE | the muscles that contract or move without conscious control |
| VOLUNTARY MUSCLE | skeletal muscles that contract and relax under conscious control |
| PERISTALSIS | example of smooth muscle movement: a series of wave-like muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract |
| NEURONS | electrically excitable cells that transmit signals throughout the body |
| AVASCULAR | having few or no blood vessels. |
| AXIAL | forms the central axis of the body and includes the bones of the skull, ossicles of the middle ear, hyoid bone of the throat, vertebral column, and the thoracic cage |
| APPENDICULAR | region of the skeleton composed of bones of upper and lower limbs |
| CARTILAGE | tough, flexible, dense connective tissue--composed of cells called chondrocytes which are dispersed in a firm gel-like ground substance, called the matrix |
| JOINTS | location at which two bones make contact. |
| TENDONS | Fibrous cords that join muscle to bone or to other muscles |
| LIGAMENTS | tough bands of fibrous, slightly elastic tissue that binds the bone ends at the joint |
| BONE MARROW | soft blood-forming tissue that fills the cavities of bones and contains fat and immature and mature blood cells |
| ENDOSTEUM | thin layer of connective tissue that lines the inner surfaces of all bones |
| MEDULLARY CANAL | marrow cavity of bone |
| OSTEOPOROSIS | THINNING OF THE BONES |
| OSTEO | AFFIX REFERRING TO BONES |
| OSSIFICATION | process of turning cartilage into bone |
| OSTEOBLASTS | bone forming cell |
| GLIDING JOINT | multiaxial because it permits many movements --found in ankles & vertebrates |
| PIVOT JOINT | allows only rotary movement around a single axis such as the connection between the radius and ulna |
| HINGE JOINT | found at the elbow, knee, and phalanges, allow bones to move in one direction back and forth, |
| BALL & SOCKET JOINT | a joint in which the rounded surface of a bone moves within a depression on another bone, allowing greater freedom of movement than any other kind of joint |
| osteocyte | bone cell |
