| A | B |
|---|
| Values | the standard by which members of a culture define what is good or bad, desirable or undesirable |
| Counterculture | challenges dominant culture |
| Norms | expected behavior within a society |
| Accultuation | Process by which a culture is passed onto a new generation |
| Sanctions | external social control is based on Social sanctions (Rewards/punishments, formal/informal, positive/negative |
| Deviant | Directly opposed the domainate culture |
| Subculture | A culture group within a larger culture, often having benefits or interest at variance with those of the larger cutlure |
| Primary Deviant | violates a standard a few times |
| Material Cullture | Tangible products that reflect a society |
| Mores | Norms that should be followed by society |
| Ethnocentrism | the tendency to view one's own culture as right or superior and other cultures as strange or wrong. |
| Conformity | Is the process by which an individuals attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors are influenced by other people. |
| Labeling Theory | People who have been given a deviant label increase their devaint behavior. |
| Cultural Transmisson | When values, attutides, or beleifs are passed into a group of individuales. |
| Pop Culture | Words to describe the entertainment, of the upper class. |
| symbols | Anything that carries a meaning to a group or culture. |
| Abstract Ideas | Things the define society like values, freedom, and democracy. |
| Non-material culture | abstract ideas that define society |
| Globalization | The developement of economics and their social relationship |
| cultural leveling | everyone wants the same thing creating a world of simulatiry |
| lableing theory | deviant label, people gravitate towards it |
| functions | beneficial consequences of peoples actions that keep society stable |
| Assimilation | when a minority group is accepted |
| Cultural Literacy | Being able to understand the traditions, regular activites, and history of a group of people from a given culture, also being engaged with these activites |
| folkways | things or rules that cover costumary ways of thinking, behaving yet lack moral overtones (weird) |
| Culture War | cultural conflict between social groups and the struggle for dominance of their values, beliefs, and practices |
| Deductive Reasoning | understaning general ideas and the social world |
| formal sanctions | official awards |
| secondary deviant | someone who violates norms so often that it's a part of their lifestyle |
| Genocide | the deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethinc group |
| cultural lag | cultures may not have the money to or technology to develop as quickly |
| subjugation | The act of bringing someone or something under control |
| cult | a system of religious devotion directed toward a person or object |
| Personality | The combination of characteristics or qualitys that form an indivsiuals distinctive character |
| puberty | maturing that makes an individual capable of sexual reproduction. |
| cultural transmission | the process through which cultural elements are passed onto and taught to individuals and groups. |
| Heredity | The transmission of genetic characteristics from parents to children |
| inductive theory | comes from concrete observations from which general conclusions are inferred through the process of reasoning |
| Sociobiology | The systematic study of the biological basis of all social behavior. |
| Aptititude | A capacity to learn a particular skill or aquire a particular body of knowledge |
| Self | The indivisual person, fromm his or her own perspective |
| Peer Group | A Primary group composed of individuals of roughly equal age and similar social characteristics. |
| Max Webber | founder of socilogy |
| Resoicalization | the concept of adapting to a new social/cultural norms or values |
| Herbert Spencer | Founder of socilology science |
| Karl Marx | Founder of scocilolgy science |
| Durkheim | Founder of sociology science |
| Auguste Comet | Founder of scociology science |
| socialization | the interactive process through which people learn basic skills, values,beliefs,ad behavior patterns of a society |
| Agents of socialization | The specific individuals, groups, and institutions that enable socialization to take place |
| Mass media | instruments of communication reach large audiences with no personal contact between those sending the information and those who receiving it |
| total institution | A setting where people are isloated from society for a set amount of time |
| John Locke | a philosopher from the 1600s insisted that each newly born human is born without a personality |
