| A | B |
|---|
| Federal | National level; whole country |
| Immigrate | Moving "into" a country |
| Emigrate | Moving "out" of a country; exit |
| Expedition | A journey |
| Cede | To give or yield |
| Secede | To withdraw |
| Annex | To take over or to add on |
| Capitalism | An economic system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state or government |
| Manifest | To make clear and obvious |
| Destiny | Events that will necessarily happen in the future |
| Acquire | To get |
| Constitutional | Whether or not something is legal according to the Constitution |
| Prospecting | Searching for mineral deposits, especially silver and gold |
| Indigenous | Native; originating naturally from a specific place |
| Louisiana Purchase | Purchase between the United States and France to acquire the Louisiana Territory |
| Gadsden Purchase | Land purchased by the United States, from Mexico, for the price of 10 million dollars |
| Florida Purchase | Land purchased between the United States and Spain |
| Missouri River | a water route that Lewis and Clark took to the Rockies |
| Pinckney Treaty | Agreement between Spain and the United States that the U.S. could use the Mississippi River. Treaty would become void once Spain gives France the Louisiana Territory |
| Barbed Wire | Used to distinguish property lines, protect your land, and also direct cattle. |
| Telegraph | Allowed for coded messages and long distant communication. |
| Transportation Revolution | Increase of canals, steamboats, and train tracks which allowed settlers to travel. |
| Homestead Act 1862 | Incentive by the government to allow settlers to receive free land as long as they met the agreement. |
| Louis and Clark expedition | journey that allowed the U.S. to accurately map the west, discover water routes to the Pacific Ocean, and discover over a hundred new plants and animals. |
| 4 challenges explorers faced on the westward trails | Weather, Terrain, Native American conflicts, and accidents |
| Oregon Trail | Trail starting in Missouri and going to Oregon. 2,170 miles and was traveled by pioneers.(farmers, traders, etc.) |
| California Trail | Trail starting in Missouri and ending in California. Was 1,950 miles long and was traveled by Gold Seekers. |
| Mormon Trail | Started in Illinois and ended in Utah. Trail was 1,300 miles long and travelled by those leaving religious persecution. |
| Santa Fe Trail | Trail started in Missouri and ended in New Mexico. Trail was 870 miles long and travelled by U.S. Army and Fur traders. |
| Missouri Compromise | Land under the 36' 30 parallel will be considered slave states while the land above it will be considered free. |
| Fugitive Slave Act | Escaped slaves are required to be returned to the South if captured. Those ignoring their escape were at risk of punishment. |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | Both states were given the choice to vote on whether or not they wanted to be a Free/Slave state. |
| Bleeding Kansas | Physical conflict on the Kansas border due to Abolitionists and Pro-Slavery supporters migrated to Kansas to influence the vote. |
| Andrew Jackson's belief | Jackson believed that Native Americans should be separate from American society. They preformed savage habits, were uncivilized, and didn't use the land to it's potential. |
| Indian Removal Act | Gave the government permission to relocate Native Americans onto a new plot of land. |
| Trail of Tears | Cherokee forced to walk over a thousand miles, partly during winter, after a false treaty. Over 4,000 Native Americans died. |
| James K. Polk | Avid supporter of Manifest Destiny. Annexed Texas and wanted control of California. Sent General Zachary Taylor, and thousands of troops, to disputed border to encourage a conflict. |
| Pull Factors | Reasons why settlers decided to go out west. Technological advancements, transportation revolution, more jobs/land, religious freedom, and to start a new life. |
| Push Factors | Reasons why settlers were forced to move out west. Religious persecution, few jobs/land, rising population, and high expenses. |
| Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | Agreement that ended the Mexican-American war and gave the United States the Mexican Cession. |
| Mexican Cession | Land given to the United States that makes up more than 1/3 of Mexican territory. |
| Sectional Divide | Annexation of states increase the tension surrounding slavery. This encourages divide and new political realignment. |
| Adams-Onis Treaty | Treaty with Spain that gave the US Florida |
| General Custer | Died during an attack on Native tribes at Little Big Horn |
| Sitting Bull | Chief of the Lakota Sioux who defeated Custer and his men at Little Big Horn |
| Sacagawea | Shoshone woman who was pivotal in helping Lewis and Clark on their expedition through the Louisiana Territory to the Pacific Ocean. |
| sectionalism | the expression of loyalty or support for a particular region of one's country, rather than to the country as a whole; it leads to division within a country |
| Wilmot Proviso | 1846. Proposal to ban slavery in all land added in the Mexican Cession. It was never passed into a law. |
| Treaty of Fort Laramie | The US government promised the Lakota they could have all of the Dakotas /Black Hills forever. |
| cotton gin | Invention created that caused a demand for more cotton and contributed to the growth of slavery. |
| popular sovereignty | the idea that the people should vote/have a say in their government |
| Five Civilized Tribes | Cheyenne, Creek, Chickasaw, Seminole, and Cherokee. They were given this name because they had adopted "white man's ways." |
