| A | B |
|---|
| Binary fission | the cell division process in which one cell splits into two identical cells |
| Meiosis | the cell division process that forms sex cells that contain half the usual number of chromosomes; double mitosis |
| Mitosis | the cell division process that forms new cells with an identical copy of the parent's chromosomes |
| Nucleus | control center of the cell |
| Chromosomes | structure that contains genetic information and directs cell growth |
| DNA | molecule in the cell that carries genetic information |
| Double helix | shape of DNA |
| Sugar/Phosphate | make of the sides of the DNA ladder |
| Nucleotides | make up the rungs. of the DNA ladder |
| DNA replication | the process of copying DNA |
| Chromatin | the mixture of DNA and protein that makes up chromosomes; occurs when the cell is not dividing |
| Chromatid | one of the two identical strands of replicated chromosome |
| Centromere | the point at which sister chromatids are attached to each other |
| Somatic Cells | body cells that are identical to the parent cell |
| Gametes | reproductive cells that have half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell |
| Interphase | Resting phase that prepares the cell to divide by copying DNA |
| Cytokinesis | phase of cell cycle where the cell membrane constricts and the cytoplasm divides |
| Prophase | mitosis phase - nuclear membrane disappears, spindle fibers appear, centromere appears |
| Metaphase | mitosis phase - chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell |
| Anaphase | mitosis phase - sister chromatids separate and move to the opposite sides of the cell |
| Telophase | mitosis phase - nuclei reorganizes, spindle fiber disappear, cell pinches in the middle |
