| A | B |
|---|
| Elements | Basic building block of nature. |
| Nucleus | Located at center of atom |
| Protons | Positively charged particles inside nucleus. |
| Neutrons | Uncharged particles inside nucleus. |
| Electrons | Negatively charged particles that orbit nucleus. |
| Atomic number | The number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. |
| Atomic weight | Determined by the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, the mass of an atom. |
| Valence Shell | The outermost shell. |
| Valence | The number of electrons contained in the valence shell. |
| Conductors | Materials that contain a large number of free electrons. |
| Good Conductors | Silver, Copper, Gold, Aluminum |
| Insulators | Prevent the flow of electricity. |
| Good Insulators | Mica, Glass, Teflon, Paper (Paraffin) |
| Semiconductors | Can be altered to function as either a conductor or insulator. |
| Negative Ion | A negatively charged atom. |
| Positive Ion | A positively charged atom. |
| Ionization | The process of gaining or losing electrons. |
| Current | Movement of electrons from negatively charged atoms to positively charged atoms. |
| Coulomb | 6.24 x 1018 electrons. |
| Ampere | One coulomb moving past a single point in one second. |
| Ampere | Current measured in amperes. |
| Difference of Potential | Causes electrons to move or flow in a circuit. |
| Voltage | Electrommotive Force (EMF), the force that moves electrons |
| Resistance | Opposition to the flow of electrons. Measured in Ohms. |
