| A | B |
|---|
| testes | male gonads |
| seminiferous tubules | tubules inside testes where spermatogenesis occurs |
| epididymis | storage area inside testes where sperm become mature |
| Vas deferens | tube that carries sperm from testes to urethra |
| urethra | tube that carries urine and, in males, sperm out of the body |
| endometriosis | Tissue similar to the inner lining of the uterus occurring within the pelvic cavity. |
| amenorrhea | Absence of the menstrual flow. |
| testosterone | male hormone produced by testes |
| secondary sex characteristics | physical traits appearing in adolescence that are not directly involved in reproduction |
| androgens | male sex hormones |
| puberty | time when a person becomes able to reproduce |
| ovaries | female gonads |
| follicles | tiny sacs in ovary where oogenesis occurs |
| postpartum | Occurring after birth. |
| dysmenorrhea | Painful menstruation. |
| ovulation | release of mature egg from follicle |
| oviducts | Fallopian tubes near ovaries which carry egg cells to uterus |
| uterus | muscular, pear-shaped organ where embryo develops |
| cervix | narrow opening at bottom of uterus |
| vagina (birth canal) | passageway that leads from uterus to exterior of body |
| estrogen | female sex hormone |
| menstrual cycle | hormone-controlled cycle in human female in which uterus prepares to receive egg |
| hysterectomy | surgical removal of the uterus |
| menopause | the permanent stopping of the menstrual cycle |
| mastitis | inflammation of a mammary gland |
| oophorectomy | Surgical removal of an ovary. |
| orchiectomy | Surgical removal of a testis. |
| salpingectomy | surgical removal of a uterine tube |
| follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) | secreted by pituitary during follicle stage |
| luteinizing hormone (LH) | hormone produced by pituitary that causes ovulation to occur |
| progesterone | hormone secreted by corpus luteum; maintains uterine lining |
| human chorionic gonadotrophic hormone (HCG) | secreted by embryo to maintain corpus luteum until formation of placenta |
| implantation | embryo in blastula stage enters uterus and attaches to uterine wall |
| chorion | extraembryonic membrane that forms the placenta |
| amnion | surrounds embryo and fills with amniotic fluid, cushioning embryo from mechanical shock |
| placenta | organ that allows contact between mother's blood and embryo's blood; acts as barrier to some harmful substances |
| gestation | length of pregnancy |
| afterbirth | membranes (placenta,amnion) expelled after delivery |
| prolactin | hormone secreted by pituitary which stimulates mammary glands to secrete milk |
| caesarian section | incision through mother's abdomen and uterus, made in order to remove baby |
