| A | B |
|---|
| El hemísfero | hemisphere |
| El país | country |
| La estación/la temporada | season |
| caluroso | hot |
| la Navidad | Christmas |
| La estación seca | dry season |
| el centro | downtown |
| el invierno | winter |
| la primavera | spring |
| el verano | summer |
| el otoño- | fall |
| el Año Nuevo | New Year |
| La estación lluviosa,húmeda | rainy season |
| el norte | north |
| el sur | south |
| el este | east |
| el oeste | west |
| la ciudad | city |
| el maíz | corn |
| la papa/la patata | potato |
| el arroz | rice |
| el almuerzo | lunch |
| el atún | tuna |
| Buen provecho | enjoy your food |
| las arvejas | peas |
| los frijoles | beans |
| la cena | supper |
| la merienda | snack |
| el pavo | turkey |
| el/la camarero/a | waiter |
| la comida | food/main meal of day |
| el aguacate | avocado |
| el desayuno | breakfast |
| la paella | saffron rice dish |
| las tapas | appetizers |
| el bosque | forest |
| el punto de partida | starting point |
| el lugar | place |
| entre | between |
| prevalente | prevalent, common |
| Indígeno | indigenous |
| el edificio | building |
| la selva | jungle |
| antiguo | really old |
| cerca de | close to |
| entre | between |
| lejos de | far from |
| al norte de | to the north of |
| al lado de | next to |
| al sur de | to the south of |
| también | also |
| nadie | no one |
| alguien | someone |
| algún/algunos/alguna/algunas | some |
| tampoco | neither |
| algo | something |
| nunca | never |
| ningún/ningunos/ninguna/ningunas | not any |
| nada | nothing |
| siempre | always |
| seasons in the southern hemisphere | opposite those of the northern hemisphere |
| El niño | a meteorological phenomenon with warmer than normal temperatures, that directly affects many Hispanic countries. It usually happens around Christmas time so is called the child. |
| the Panama canal | a national symbol of Panama |
| rice | an important ingredient in Panamanian cooking, originated in Asia |
| Panamá | capital is la ciudad de Panamá. It is bordered by Costa Rica to the north and Colombia to the south. |
| Costa Rica | capital is San José. Approximately 30% of Costa Rica’s territory is forested. Costa Rica has not had an army since 1948. People use the word “vos” instead of “tú”. It is bordered by Nicaragua in the north and Panama in the south. |
| Pura Vida | an expression in Costa Rica to express something good and can also be used instead of hello and goodbye. |
| Ecology | the study of organisms and how they interact with the environment around them |
| ecotourism | esponsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of the local people, and involves interpretation and education” |
| hispanic cuisine | the most important cultural influences are indigenous African and Spanish. |
| Rubén Blades | a famous musician from Panama. |
| las Antillas | slands in the Carribean and Atlantic Ocean. |
| the Atacama Desert | in Chile and is known as the driest place in the world. |
| Vasco Núñez de Balboa | the first European to see the Pacific Ocean. |
| Sancocho | a soup served in Panamá that was influenced by indigenous Hispanic and African cuisines. |
| most important elements of Hispanic cuisine | potatoes rice beans tomatoes avocados and corn. Rice originated in Asia. |
| saber | to know facts information or how to do something |
| conocer | to know a person or be familiar with a place |
| ser | to be (permanent conditions/time/date) |
| estar | to be (temporary conditions/location) |
