| A | B |
|---|
| What are the 4 main blood types? | A, B, AB, and O |
| What determines blood type? | The presence or absence of antigens (A and B) on the surface of red blood cells |
| Which blood type is the universal donor? | Type O negative (O−) |
| Which blood type is the universal recipient? | Type AB positive (AB+) |
| What does the “+” or “−” in blood type mean? | It indicates the presence (+) or absence (−) of the Rh factor antigen |
| Which blood type has only A antigens on red cells? | Type A |
| Which blood type has only B antigens on red cells? | Type B |
| Which blood type has both A and B antigens on red cells? | Type AB |
| Which blood type has no A or B antigens on red cells? | Type O |
| Which antibody does type A blood have? | Anti-B antibodies |
| Which antibody does type B blood have? | Anti-A antibodies |
| Which antibodies does type AB blood have? | None |
| Which antibodies does type O blood have? | Both Anti-A and Anti-B |
| What is the most common blood type in the U.S.? | Type O positive (O+) |
| What is the rarest blood type? | AB negative (AB−) |
| Antigen | A protein marker on red blood cells that determines blood type (A, B, Rh). |
| Antibody | A protein in plasma that reacts against foreign antigens. |
| Rh Factor | An antigen that makes blood type positive (+) or negative (−). |
| Universal Donor | O negative (O−); can give blood to all types |
| Universal Recipien | AB positive (AB+); can receive blood from all types. |
| Agglutination | Clumping of red blood cells when incompatible blood types mix. |
| Blood Group System | Classification based on antigens on red blood cells (main systems: ABO and Rh). |
| ABO System | The main blood typing system—A, B, AB, and O. |
| Plasma | The liquid part of blood; carries antibodies, nutrients, hormones, and waste. |
| Hemolysis | The rupture or destruction of red blood cells. |
| Compatible Blood | Blood that can be safely transfused without immune reaction. |
| Incompatible Blood | Blood that causes immune response and clumping when transfused. |
| Crossmatching | A test done before transfusion to check donor and recipient compatibility. |
| Rare Blood Type | AB negative (AB−) is the rarest major blood type. |
| Common Blood Type | O positive (O+) is the most common blood type. |
| Why is Rh factor important in pregnancy? | n Rh− mother with an Rh+ baby can develop antibodies against the fetus’s blood. |
| What injection is given to Rh− mothers to prevent complications? | RhoGAM |
| What percentage of the U.S. population is Rh positive? | About 85% |
| Which component of blood helps with clotting? | Platelets (thrombocytes) |
| Which component of blood carries oxygen? | Red blood cells (RBCs) |
