| A | B |
|---|
| consensus | an agreement made by a group after considering all available data and perspectives |
| keystone species | an organism whose presence and functions in its ecosystem are essential to the function, balance, and survival of the whole system |
| overgrazing | excessive consumption of a food source without sufficient surviving population or recovery periods |
| cascade | a chain reaction in which one phenomenon causes another, and so on, until reaching an end point |
| line graph | a collection of connected data points showing how a quantitative variable behaved over a continuous interval (usually time) |
| bar graph | a way to compare separate groups or categories using rectangular bars whose lengths represent a total amount |
| box and whisker plot | a five-number summary of a data set that visualizes the distribution of numeric information using rectangles and lines |
| mortality factor(s) | causes of and contributors to death |
| empirical evidence | data collected through observation and experimentation |
| umbrella species | a species whose conservation indirectly protects other species |
| habitat fragmentation | the division of large, congiguous systems by natural disaster or human activity, resulting in smaller disconnected patches |
| ecosystem engineer | any species that reshapes its environment and creates new habitat for other species |
| wildlife corridor | pathways where organisms live and travel separately from human settlement or activity |
| conservation | protecting an area and all its living and nonliving contents |
| monomer | small, functioanl molecule that acts as a building block |
| polymer | a multi-part molecule (more than one molecule connected) |
| nucleic acids | macromolecules-polymers that determine the shapes of proteins, stored and protected inside the nucleus of a cell |
| proteins | macromolecules-structural molecules that have many functions in the body, including: giving shape and support, catalyzing chemical reactions, transporting substances, regulating processes, and defense |
| lipids | macromolecules-essential for long-term energy storage, signaling between cells, forming cell membranes |
| carbohydrates | macromolecules-the body's primary energy source composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen |
| macromolecules | large compounds found in food, categorized in four families: carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids |
| C.H.O.N.P.S. | universal chemical components of life (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur) |
| hydrophobic | repelled from water |
| hydrophilic | attracted to water |
| covalent | chemical bond in which atoms share electrons |
| ionic | attraction between charged molecules |
| inorganic | generally lacking carbon, derived from non-living sources |
| organic | carbon-based molecules derived from living organisms |
| base/basic | pH above 7, higher concentration of OH ions |
| acid/acidic | pH below 7, higher concentration of H ions |
| neutral | pH of 7, equal concentrations of H and OH ions |
| evolution | characteristic of life-gaining or eliminating the prevalence of traits among members of a species across many generations |
| response to stimulus | characteristic of life-a change in an organism spurred by an environmental factor/change |
| metabolism | characteristic of life-any/all chemical activities/reactions in the body |
| development | characteristic of life-changes in the structure and/or function over an organism's lifespan |
| growth | characteristic of life-addign cell quantity/body mass |
| homeostasis | characteristic of life-maintaining balance |
| reproduction | characteristic of life-new individual offspring are produced from parents to perpetuate the species |
| genetic code | characteristic of life-sequnce of bases in a molecule (DNA or RNA) that dictates the shapes of proteins in a body plan |
| organized | characteristic of life-comprised of systems (hierarchical) |
| cellular | characteristic of life-made of cells |
| biosphere | a planet that supports life |
| biome | a grouping of ecosystems that share climate, plant community, animal community (large geographic region) |
| ecosystem | all living and nonliving components in a specific place or area |
| community | populations of different species living together in the same area |
| population | a group of the same species of organism living in a specific place |
| organism | a living creature, can be single-celled or multicellular |
| organ system | two or more organs whose functions work toward a common outcome |
| organ | a collection of tissues that form a specific body part with a specific location and specific functions |
| tissue | a collection of cells in proximity to each other, working toward a common outcome/function |
| cell | the basic unit of life |
| molecule | a group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds |
| atom | the smallest unit of a chemical element that maintains the element's properties,comprised of a nucleus and electrons |
| data | a fact or a piece of information |
| falsifiable | a statement that can be labeled true or false based on evidence |
| hypothesis | a statement of the causal relationship behind a phenomenon |
| observation | information detected by the five senses |
| procedure | action steps, in sequence, that lead to a repeatable outcome |
| quantitative | numerical information that describes a phenomenon |
| qualitative | categorical information that describes a phenomenon |
