| A | B |
| Thomas Jefferson/John Adams | said teach virtues in schools to support democracy |
| industry | virtue; working hard |
| temperance | virtue; no drunkenness |
| common good | virtue; put selfishness aside; do best for society |
| Land Ordinance Act of 1785 | gave 1/16th of Federal lands for schools |
| Horace Mann | created free public school in Mass. |
| Common Schools Movement | taught “three R’s” (reading, writing, arithmetic), rhetoric, and morals |
| morals | knowing what's right and wrong |
| rhetoric | public speaking and argumentation |
| Boston English | first public high school; taught trades |