| A | B |
|---|
| word | definition |
| Anatomical Position | Standardized body position: standing upright, facing forward, arms at sides with palms forward, feet flat, eyes forward |
| Body Plane | Imaginary flat surface that divides the body into sections |
| Frontal (Coronal) Plane | Divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions |
| Sagittal Plane | Divides the body into left and right portions |
| Midsagittal Plane | Divides the body into equal left and right halves |
| Transverse (Axial) Plane | Divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions |
| Anterior | Toward the front of the body |
| Posterior | Toward the back of the body |
| Ventral | Toward the belly or front side of the body |
| Dorsal | Toward the back or spine side of the body |
| Superior | Above or closer to the head |
| Inferior | Below or closer to the feet |
| Directional Terms | Terms used to describe the location of body structures relative to one another |
| Body Cavity | Internal space that houses and protects organs |
| Dorsal Cavity | Posterior cavity containing the brain and spinal cord |
| Cranial Cavity | Space within the skull that contains the brain |
| Spinal (Vertebral) Cavity | Space within the vertebral column that contains the spinal cord |
| Ventral Cavity | Anterior cavity containing thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities |
| Thoracic Cavity | Upper ventral cavity containing the lungs and heart |
| Pleura | Membrane surrounding the lungs |
| Pericardium | Membrane surrounding the heart |
| Abdominal Cavity | Contains digestive organs such as stomach, liver, intestines, and pancreas |
| Peritoneum | Double-layered membrane lining the abdominal cavity |
| Parietal Peritoneum | Outer layer lining the abdominal wall |
| Visceral Peritoneum | Inner layer covering abdominal organs |
| Pelvic Cavity | Contains bladder, reproductive organs, and rectum |
| Abdomen | Region containing digestive organs |
| Abdominal Quadrants | Four sections of the abdomen formed by midsagittal and transverse planes |
| Right Upper Quadrant | Upper right section of the abdomen |
| Left Upper Quadrant | Upper left section of the abdomen |
| Right Lower Quadrant | Lower right section of the abdomen |
| Left Lower Quadrant | Lower left section of the abdomen |
| Abdominal Regions | Nine-region system for more precise location of organs |
| Right Hypochondriac Region | Upper right region beneath the ribs |
| Epigastric Region | Upper middle region of the abdomen |
| Left Hypochondriac Region | Upper left region beneath the ribs |
| Right Lumbar Region | Middle right region of the abdomen |
| Umbilical Region | Central region around the navel |
| Left Lumbar Region | Middle left region of the abdomen |
| Right Iliac Region | Lower right region near the hip |
| Hypogastric Region | Lower middle region of the abdomen |
| Left Iliac Region | Lower left region near the hip |
