| A | B |
|---|
| Diplopia | Double vision caused by improper eye alignment. |
| Photophobia | Sensitivity or discomfort caused by light exposure. |
| Anisocoria | Condition where pupils are unequal in size. |
| Nystagmus | Involuntary repetitive eye movements. |
| Scotoma | Area of partial vision loss or blind spot. |
| Epiphora | Excessive tear production or poor tear drainage. |
| Floaters | Specks or shapes drifting across the visual field. |
| Conjunctivitis | Inflammation of the conjunctiva causing redness and discharge; pink eye. |
| Blepharitis | Inflammation of the eyelid with redness and crusting. |
| Blepharoptosis | Drooping of the upper eyelid. |
| Hordeolum | Painful red lump at the eyelid edge caused by acute bacterial infection of an eyelid gland; stye. |
| Chalazion | Painless firm nodule from a chronic blocked oil gland in the eyelid. |
| Astigmatism | Refractive error caused by irregular curvature of the lens or cornea. |
| Hyperopia | Refractive error that involves difficulty seeing near objects because light focuses behind the retina; farsightedness. |
| Myopia | Refractive error that causes difficulty seeing distant objects because light focuses in front of the retina; nearsightedness. |
| Presbyopia | Age-related loss of near focusing ability due to reduced elasticity of the lens. |
| Monochromatism | Colour vision deficiency due to retinal cone defects; colour blindness. |
| Cataract | Clouding of the eye lens causing blurred vision and glare. |
| Glaucoma | Eye disorder resulting from increased intraocular pressure damaging the optic nerve. |
| Open-angle Glaucoma | Gradual glaucoma caused by poor aqueous humor drainage. |
| Angle-closure Glaucoma | Sudden blockage of eye drainage causing emergency pressure rise. |
| Macular Degeneration | Breakdown of the macula causing gradual central vision loss and difficulty recognizing faces. |
| Retinal Detachment | Separation of the retina from underlying tissue causing flashes, floaters and rapid vision loss. |
| Amblyopia | Reduced vision due to lack of development in one eye during childhood; lazy eye |
| Strabismus | Misalignment of the eyes affecting binocular vision. |
| Esotropia | Inward turning of one eye. |
| Exotropia | Outward turning of one eye. |
| Hypertropia | Upward turning of one eye. |
| Hypotropia | Downward turning of one eye. |
| Xerophthalmia | Dryness of conjunctiva and cornea that can be caused by vitamin A deficiency. |
| Blindness | Partial or complete loss of vision. |
| Visual Acuity Test | Test measuring sharpness and clarity of vision; uses Snellen chart. |
| Snellen Chart | Chart used to measure visual acuity. |
| Tonometry | Measurement of intraocular pressure to screen for glaucoma. |
| Ophthalmoscopy | Examination of the retina, optic disc, and internal eye structures. |
| Slit Lamp Examination | Examination of the eye using a microscope and bright slit beam. |
| Fluorescein Angiography | imaging of retinal blood vessels using injected fluorescein dye |
| Optical Coherence Tomography | Imaging test producing cross-sectional retina images. |
| Mydriatic | Medication causing pupil dilation for examination or surgery. |
| Antiglaucoma | Medication lowering intraocular pressure. |
| Corrective Lenses | Eyeglasses or contacts correcting refractive errors. |
| Trabeculoplasty | Laser surgery opening eye drainage channels to treat glaucoma. |
| Scleral Buckle | Silicone band used to repair retinal detachment. |
| Cataract Surgery | Removal and replacement of cloudy lens. |
| Phacoemulsification | Ultrasound vibrations used to break up lens during cataract surgery. |
| Laser Photocoagulation | Laser procedure to shrink or destroy abnormal retinal structures |
| LASIK | Laser-assisted surgery to reshape the cornea to correct refractive errors. |
| PRK | Photorefractive keratectomy vision correction surgery. |
