| A | B |
|---|
| Ostealgia | Bone pain caused by damage to bone tissue. |
| Deformity | Abnormal shape or alignment of bones. |
| Exostosis | Abnormal bony outgrowth or bone spur. |
| Osteophyte | Benign bony outgrowth on the surface of a bone. |
| Crepitus | Grating or crackling sensation from bones or joints rubbing together; indicates fracture or joint degeneration. |
| Osteomalacia | Softening of adult bones due to vitamin D or calcium deficiency. |
| Rickets | Childhood form of osteomalacia causing bone deformities. |
| Osteoporosis | Bone disease causing decreased bone mass and brittle, fracture-prone bones. |
| Paget Disease / Osteitis Deformans | Abnormal bone remodeling causing enlarged and weak bones. |
| Osteomyelitis | Infection of bone and bone marrow. |
| Osteogenesis Imperfecta | Congenital brittle bone disease caused by defective collagen; brittle bone disease. |
| Osteonecrosis / Avascular Necrosis | Death of bone tissue due to interrupted blood supply. |
| Achondroplasia | Hereditary cartilage disorder causing the development of short limbs with a normal-sized torso. |
| Fracture | Partial or complete break in a bone. |
| Closed (Simple) Fracture | Broken bone that does not penetrate the skin. |
| Open (Compound) Fracture | Broken bone that penetrates the skin. |
| Displaced Fracture | Fracture where bone ends are out of alignment. |
| Non-Displaced (Stable) Fracture | Fracture where bone ends remain aligned. |
| Reduction | Repositioning of broken bones. |
| Greenstick Fracture | Incomplete fracture more common in children due to softer bones. |
| Transverse Fracture | Horizontal fracture line across the bone. |
| Oblique Fracture | Diagonal fracture line across the bone. |
| Spiral Fracture | Fracture pattern that involves a break wrapping around the bone due to twisting force |
| Comminuted Fracture | Fracture pattern where bone is crushed into multiple fragments |
| Segmental Fracture | Fracture pattern with two separate breaks creating a floating bone segment. |
| Impacted Fracture | Fracture pattern where broken bone ends are driven into each other. |
| Avulsion Fracture | Bone fragment pulled away by forceful muscle contraction or ligament tension. |
| Stress Fracture | Hairline crack caused by repetitive stress. |
| Pathologic Fracture | Fracture from minimal force applied to a bone weakened by disease. |
| Compression Fracture | Bone collapse under pressure, often in osteoporotic vertebrae. |
| Alkaline Phosphatase Test / ALP | Blood test measuring enzyme levels related to bone remodeling. |
| Serum Calcium | Blood test evaluating calcium levels and bone metabolism. |
| C-Reactive Protein | Blood marker of inflammation or infection. |
| DXA / DEXA | Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; measures bone mineral density. |
| Bone Scan | Imaging test using radioactive tracers to detect bone abnormalities. |
| Scintigraphy | Bone imaging using radioactive tracers. |
| Immobilization | Use of casts or splints to align bones during healing. |
| Traction | Use of weights or pulleys to maintain bone alignment. |
| Closed Reduction | Realignment of fractures without surgery. |
| Open Reduction Internal Fixation | Surgical stabilization of fractures using hardware (plates, screws, rods). |
| External Fixation | Stabilization of fractures using an external frame and pins. |
| Bone Grafting | Transplantation of bone tissue to promote healing. |
| Orthotics | Custom supports stabilizing bones and improving alignment. |
| Doctor of Chiropractic | Healthcare professional specializing in musculoskeletal treatment. |
| Doctor of Osteopathy | Physician trained in osteopathic medicine. |
