| A | B |
|---|
| Indigenous Peoples | Term used to reference groups of people who, with their descendants, are the original inhabitants of a geographic area |
| British North America Act (1867) | The Act that organized the territories of Canada and established the Dominion of Canada with separate legislative bodies and a federal government. |
| Upper Canada | The region that became Ontario under the early Canadian legislative structure. |
| Lower Canada | The region that became Quebec under the early Canadian legislative structure. |
| Early Healthcare Challenges | Isolated communities, crowded urban centres, communicable diseases, and devastating childhood illnesses. |
| Role of government in early Canadian Healthcare | Quarantines during outbreaks of diseases, establishment or maintenance of healthcare facilities, some funding, support for creation of records. |
| Cholera | A communicable disease that was a major public health concern in early Canada. |
| Sanitation | systems, facilities and practices that maintain hygienic conditions and prevent disease, such as clean drinking water and proper sewage management |
| Public Health | The practice of protecting and improving the health of population groups |
| Saskatchewan Hospitalization Act | A 1947 Act that aimed to provide hospital services in Saskatchewan regardless of a person’s ability to pay. |
| Royal Commission of Health Services / Hall Commission | A federal commission established to study healthcare services in Canada; provided recommendations for a national universal healthcare system |
| Justice Emmett Hall | The leader of the Royal Commission of Health Services, which recommended a nationwide universal healthcare system. |
| 1961 | The year the Royal Commission of Health Services was established |
| 1964 | The year the Royal Commission of Health Services (Hall Commission) released recommendations for a national universal healthcare system |
| Medical Care Act | Act passed in 1966 that provided federal funding and incentives to provinces and territories that adopted universal healthcare programs. |
| Canada Health Act | The 1984 federal Act that outlined the 5 key principles provinces and territories must meet to receive federal healthcare funding. |
| 2004 Health Accord | An agreement that aimed to address challenges such as long wait times, access to primary care, and targeted funding for diagnostic tests and surgeries. |
| Medicare | Canada’s publicly funded healthcare system for medically necessary physician and hospital services. |
| Universal Healthcare | A healthcare system in which eligible residents have access to medically necessary healthcare services regardless of income. |
| 1962 | The year Saskatchewan implemented the first universal medicare program in Canada |
| 1972 | The year by which all provinces and territories had established universal healthcare systems |
| Government as Insurer | Model under which healthcare providers bill the government for their services |
| Electronic Health Records (EHRs) | Digital records that improve coordination of care by allowing healthcare providers to access patient information quickly and securely. |
| Telehealth and Virtual Care | Remote healthcare advice or consultation, often provided by phone, video, or other digital technologies. |
| Primary Care | First-contact healthcare that includes services such as family physician care and preventive care. |
| Preventive Medicine | Healthcare focused on preventing illness and promoting health before serious problems occur. |
| Family Health Teams | Interdisciplinary primary care teams designed to improve access to coordinated healthcare services. |
| Future Challenges with Healthcare in Canada | Increasing costs, wait times for non-emergencies, aging population, regional disparities, access to mental health services |
| Decentralization in Healthcare | The Canadian healthcare model that puts decision making in healthcare into the hands of the provincial government |
| Evolution of Healthcare in Canada | recognizing the importance of primary care, preventive medicine, technology (EHR), telehealth and virtual care |
| Artificial intelligence | Use of advanced digital algorithms and machine learning to analyze complex medical data |
| Remote Monitoring | Using digital medical devices to collect and electronically transmit patient health data from home to the healthcare team |
