| A | B |
|---|
| transformation | transfer of genetic material from one organism to another |
| nucleotide | structural unit of nucleic acid(subunit of DNA) |
| purine | one of the larger 2 of 4 different nucleotide bases,adenine and guanine |
| pyrimidine | one of the smaller bases in nucleotides, cytosine and thymine |
| double helix | a spiral staircase of 2 strands of nucleotides whose bases face each other |
| replication | duplication of DNA chromosomes before cell division |
| mutagen | environmental agent that can alter the structure of DNA |
| ribonucleic acid | a single stranded nucleic acid |
| gene expression | use of genetic information in DNAto make proteins |
| transcription | first stage of gene expression, in which an RNA copy of DNA is made |
| translation | second stage of gene expression, amino acids assembled into protein molecule |
| codon | basic unit of genetic code |
| genetic code | correspondence between nucleotide triplets in DNA and the amino acids in proteins |
| anticodon | nucleotide sequence of transfer RNA molecule, complimentary to codon |
| repressor protein | protein that blocks transcription |
| inducer | molecule that binds to the repressor protein |
| exon | sequence in genetic code that supplies the information for protein formation |
| intron | noncoding portions of the DNA |
| transposon | gene with ability to move from one location to another in the chromosomes |
