| A | B |
|---|
| tsunami | ocean wave caused by earthquakes |
| slides | rapid downward slope movements of soil, debris and rock |
| scarps | cliff |
| fissures | long cracks in soil or rock |
| ring of fire | most active site for earthquakes and volcanoes |
| Richter Scale | measures total energy released by that earthquake |
| Mercalli Scale | measures earthquake intensity |
| epicenter | point on the earth's surface directly above the focus |
| focus | area along a fault where earthquakes begin |
| earthquake | movement of the earth's crust that occurs when rocks suddenly break and release potential energy |
| seismic wave | vibration produced by an earthquake |
| volcano | any opening in the earth's crust that releases molten rock |
| vent | opening in a volcano at the top or the sides |
| crater | the hollow area at the top of a volcano |
| lava | magma that reaches the earth's surface |
| crater | hollowed out area at the top of a volcano formed after an explosive eruption |
| pipe | long vertical crack in the crust where magma moves |
| Magma chamber | large pockets form underground chambers |
| active volcano | has erupted in the past 100 years |
| dormant volcano (inactive) | has not erupted in hundreds of years |
| extinct volcano | has not erupted in thousands of years |
| Cinder cone volcano | steep slope, gently sloping base, explosive eruptions |
| Shield volcano | flat top, results from lava flows |
| Composite volcano | alternating layers of volcanic debris and lava |
| Cinder cone volcano | Found in Mexico and Central America |
| Shield volcano | Ocean islands |
| Composite volcano | Mt. Fuji and Mt. Ranier |
| Ocean ridge system | earth's longest volcanic zone |
| Hot spots | area where earth's crust is particularly hot |
