| A | B |
|---|
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| Rosalind Franklin | First discovered DNA 's spiral shape |
| Watson and Crick | Made a model of DNA double helix |
| "sides" of DNA ladder | sugar and phosphate |
| "steps" of DNA ladder | nitrogen bases |
| base A | Adenine |
| base C | Cytosine |
| base G | Guanine |
| base T | Thymine |
| replication | the process in which DNA is copied |
| gene | a small section of DNA that codes for a trait |
| chromosome | The DNA ladder twists and folds into this structure |
| double helix | the shape of DNA, spiral staircase |
| mutation | a mistake in the genetic code |
| RNA | carries the code from DNA to the ribosomes |
| mRNA | messenger RNA |
| tRNA | transfer RNA |
| amino acids | the structures that make up proteins |
| trait | characteristics of an organism, coded by DNA |
