| A | B |
|---|
| gene pool | all the alleles for all of the genes present in the population |
| allele frequency | the % of a specific allele of a given locus in the population |
| genetic equilibrium | when allele frequencies remain constant from generation to generation |
| microevolution | when allele frequencies change over successive generations |
| Hardy-Weinberg | equation or principle that states that a population is at genetic equilibrium |
| inbreeding | the mating of genetically similar individuals |
| assortive mating | mates are selected by particular phenotypes |
| genetic drift | a random change in the allele frequencies of a small population |
| gene flow | migration of individuals between populations that can cause change in allele frequencies |
| stabilizing selection | favors the most common phenotypes at the expense of the extremes |
| directional selection | favors one phenotypic extreme over another, causing a shift in the phenotypic mean |
| disruptive selection | favors 2 or more phenotypic extremes |
| genetic polymorphism | the presence of 2 or more alleles for a given locus (blood type) |
| heterozygote advantage | heterozygous form has greater fitness than a homozygous form (sickle cell) |
| cline | a gradual geographical change in a species phenotype & genotype frequencies |
