| A | B |
| radification | vote of approval |
| cabinet | a group of advisers to the President |
| unconstitutional | contrary to what is written in the Constitution |
| national debt | the total amount a government owes |
| excise tax | tax placed on goods made, sold, and used within a country |
| tariff | tax on imported goods |
| tribute | payment for protection |
| neutral | chossing not to take sides in a dispute |
| impressment | act of forcing men to serve military duty |
| Federalists | those who supported the Constitution and a strong national government in the late 1700's |
| Democratic-Republicans | those who believed in self-government and the sharing of power between all people |
| political party | a group of people who share the same viewpoints on governmental issues |
| loose construction | to increase the power of the national government based on the Constitution |
| strict construction | to limit the authority of the federal government to the powers specifically granted in the Constitution |
| caucus | a closed political meeting |
| XYZ Affair | event in 1797 in which French representatives demanded bribes from American ambassadors |
| alien | foreigner living in the U.S. |
| deport | to send out of the country |
| sedition | to act or speak out against the government |
| nullify | to declare a law invalid |
| state's rights | the belief that an individual state may restrict federal authority |