| A | B |
|---|
| Homologous | Identical chromosomes |
| Diploid | A cell that contains both sets of homologous chromosomes |
| Haploid | A sex cell containing only one set of homologous chromosomes |
| Tetrad | structure containing four chromaids that form during meiosis |
| Centriole | One of two tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animal cells that assist in cell division |
| Spindle | fanlike microtubule structure that guides and separates chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. |
| Crossing-Over | Process in which homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids during meiosis |
| Meiosis | process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell resulting in four haploid cells. |
| Mitosis | process in which cell division occurs in body cells resulting in two cells with a diploid number of chromosomes |
| Prophase I | the first and longest phase in meiosis that results in the pairing up of homologous chromosomes |
| Interphase | period of the cell cycle between cell division |
| Metaphase I | Stage where homologous chromosomes line up across the equator of the cell |
| Metaphase II | Stage where chromosomes line up across the equator of the cell |
| Prophase II | the first step of meiosis two where there are two daughter cells with a haploid number of chromosomes. |
| Anaphase I | Third phase of Meiosis I where one chromosome from each homologous pair moves to opposite poles of the cell |
| Anaphase II | the third phase of mitosis and meiosis two, where the chromosomes pairs separate and move toward opposite poles |
| Telophase I | end of meiosis one resulting in two cells each with a haploid number of chromosomes |
| Telophase II | Nuclear membranes begin to form around chromatid at each pole of cell. Four cells are formed with haploid number of chromosomes in each. |
| Cytokinesis | division of the cytoplasm during cell division |
| Gene Map | shows relative locations of each known gene |
| Chromosome | Threadlike structure within the nucleus containing a cell's genetic information |
| Centromere | Area where the chromatids of a chromosome are attached |
| Chromatid | one of two identical "sister"parts of a duplicated chromosome |
| gametophyte | haploid or gamete-producing phase of an organism. |
