| A | B |
|---|
| transpiration | the loss of water vapor from aerial parts of plants |
| guard cells | regulate gas exchange; surround stomata |
| mesophyll | tissue that contains air spaces that permit rapid diffusion of carbon dioxide, oxygen, & water |
| guttation | the release of liquid water from leaves of some plants |
| abscission | a complex process involving physiological & anatomical changes prior to leaf fall |
| water potential | a measure of the plant's ability to absorb water by osmosis |
| tension-cohesion model | explains the rise of water through a plant |
| translocation | the movement of sugar solution through the phloem |
| pressure-flow hypothesis | explains the movement of materials through phloem |
| taproot | one main root from which many smaller lateral roots extend |
| fiberous root | has several roots of the same size |
| adventitious root | do not arrise from a pre-existing root |
| apoplast | water & nutrient movement along the inter connected porous cell walls |
| symplast | water & mineral movement from one cell's cytoplasm to the next through plasmodesmata` |
| casparian strip | endodermal cells that are impermeable to water & dissolved nutrients |
| mycorrhizae | mutually beneficial associations between roots & soil fungi |
| nodules | root swellings that develop on certain roots & house nitrogen-fixing bacteria |
| macronutrients | nutrients needed in large quantities; C, O, H, N, K, P, S, Mg, & Ca |
| micronutrients | nutrients needed in small quantities; Fe, B, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cl, Mo |
