| A | B |
| Ice Age | a period in Earth's history when huge sheets of ice covered large parts of the Earth's surface |
| Beringia | 'land bridge" |
| ancestor | a relative from a long time ago |
| canyon | a deep valley between mountains, cut through the rock by river water |
| confederacy | a loosely organized group of states or tribes |
| hunter-gatherers | small groups of people who feed themselves by hunting animals and gathering plants |
| igloo | dome-shaped temporary shelter made from snow blocks |
| mesa | Spanish word for "table," meaning a rocky, flat -topped hill |
| Northern Lights | soft light that appears in the sky in northern lands, caused by the reflection of sunlight |
| Anasazi | ancient people who are not us or enemy ancestors |
| buried the hatchet | agreed to stop fighting |
| clan | a group of people who believe they are descended from a common ancestor |
| smoking the peace pipe | extend friendship to a stranger or an enemy |
| Location of most of the Iroquois tribes | New York |
| wigwam | house of Eastern Woodland people |
| Hopi | "Peaceful People" |