| A | B |
| preserved | protected and kept in an original state |
| prehistoric | belonging to times before history was written down |
| extinct | no longer existing |
| artifacts | objects made by people long ago |
| archaeologists | people who study the past by digging up and examining old building and objects |
| ruins | buildings that have fallen apart or have been destroyed |
| mammoth | an ancient animal like a large elephant, with long curved tusks and shaggy hair |
| glaciers | huge sheets of ice |
| carnivores | animals that eat meat |
| permafrost | permanently frozen ground |