| A | B |
|---|
| Horatian Satire | Tells the truth with a smile-intends to heal or reform vices |
| Juvenalian Satire | Very pessimistic-intends to punish or destroy |
| Folly | An act or instances of foolishness |
| Foible | A minor weakness or failing of character |
| Vice | A slight personal failing; a flaw |
| Direct Satire | Satiric Voice speaks out in the first person |
| Indirect Satire | Cast in a plot |
| Fable | A brief tale told to point out a moral. The characters are frequently animals |
| Parody | A composition burlesquing or imitating another, usually serious, piece of work |
| Irony | Implied attitudes which are opposed to those being expressed |
| Sarcasm | A form of verbal irony in which, under the guise of praise, an expression of strong disapproval is given |
| Caricature | Exaggeration of certain individual characteristics to produce a comic, grotesque, or ridiculous effect |
| Low Burlesque | Making someone or something important look trivial |
| High Burlesque | Making something or someone low or trivial look important |
| Wit | Wounds w/neat unexpected stroke; mentally needs all the grace, speed and dexterity of a fencer; reader is surprised, comically shocked |
| Ridicule | Good tempered and under control; must confine itself to lighter things; |
| Cynicism | Expression of scorn or bitter mockery |
| Sardonicism | Would rather weep than laugh; bitter laughter; criticism made against hollow laughter |
| Invective | Extreme of satiric spectrum; sometimes comes down to abuse and name calling |
| 3 basic motives of Satirist | personal hatred or grudge; prejudice from a bad experience; aesthetic motive (for art's sake) |
| Criticism | The ingredient common to all satire |
| Definition of Satire | A literary expression that uses humor and wit to attack and expose human folly and weakness |
| Two main purposes of satire | 1. optimistic-to heal or reform vices; 2. pessimistic-to punish or destroy |
| Sources of Satire | poetry, prose, music, art, drama, films, fables, critical reviews, comic strips, and cartoons |
| Targets of Satire | 1. society and/or its institutions; 2. type of person; 3. person; 4. place; 5. events |
| Similarities between comedy, tragedy, and satire | All point out the failings of human nature |
| Aristophanes | 5th century B.C. philosopher from Athens who attacked new intellectual ideas |
| Horace | Roman from 1st century B.C. who gently derided the power-seeking, indulgent Romans of the early empire |
| Juvenal | Roman from 1st century B.C. who mocked, hated, and despised the power-seeking, indulgent Romans of the early empire |
| Lampoon | A full length verbal portrait of a person which ridicules him bitingly |
| Political cartoons | A visual form of satire that mocks politics, social problems, etc. |
| Hyperbole | An extreme exaggeration |
| Understatement | A deliberate lack of emphasis |
| Athens | The country in which satire first emerged (as far as we can tell) |
| Pun | A play on words based on similarity of sounds between two words with different meanings |
| Mr. Jones | Czar Nicholas II |
| Old Major | Karl Marx |
| Animalism | Communism |
| Snowball | Leon Trotsky |
| Napoleon | Joseph Stalin |
| Squealer | Propaganda department of Lenin's government |
| The Dogs | KGB-Secret Police |
| Moses the Raven | Religion |
| Mollie | Vain, selfish people in Russia and world |
| Boxer | Dedicated, but tricked communist supporters |
| Benjamin | Skeptical people in Russia and outside Russia |
| Kurt Vonnegut | Author of Slaughterhouse 5 |
| Hobo | says, "This ain't so bad." |
| Kilgore Trout | writes Science Fiction |
| Edgar Derby | Executed for stealing a teapot |
| Wild Bob | Ask for him in Cody, Wyoming |
| Paul Lazzaro | Weary is his only friend |
| Roland Weary | Constantly eats candy bars |
| Tralfamadorians | Aliens in The novel Slaughterhouse 5 |
| Howard W. Campbell, Jr. | Becomes a Nazi |
