| A | B |
|---|
| How did Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels understand the historic process and what was their famous book? | They described history as process of action and reaction driven by economic forces. |
| Why did Marx think Germany would be the first country to undergo a communist revolution? | It was the most industrialized in Europe. |
| Where did the first successful communist revolution occur and who led it? | Vladimir Lenin led the Russian Revolution in 1917 in a backward agricultural country. |
| What autocrat led the Soviet Union in WW2 and how did he consolidate his power? | Josef Stalin solidified his power through the 5 year plans (Great Leaps Forward)that brought all areas of Rusian life under government control. |
| What territorial gains did Russia make in WW2? | The Red Army moved into countries of Eastern Europe and took them over, including the eastern part of Germany. |
| What events showed that the Soviet Union was determined to hold on to its territorial gains in Europe? | The forceful put down of uprisings in Poland and Hungary. |
| What was the new postwar containment policy? | George Kennan of the US State Department argued that Russia needed buffer zones on its borders but would back down short of armed conflict. |
| What 1949 event ushered in the Cold War? | Russia's first successful atomic test. |
| What achievement by Russia began the Space Race? | The Russian lanching of Sputnik I, the first artificial satellite, in 1957. |
| What is the Cold War? | A sustained political and ideological conflict between the US and the USSR in which armed conflict was never direct but fought in proxy wars. |
| What was America's plan to rebuild and politically stabilize Europe after WW2? | The Marshall Plan |
| How did Truman show he was committed to containment when the Soviets closed access to Berlin? | He authorized an 11 month airlift or food and supplies to Berlin. |
| Why did the President call on the United Nations to vote for a "police action" against North Korea? | Because the UN wasn't ready for a war - and neither was Congress. |
| What was the Constitutional principle involved when Truman fired General MacArthur? | That the supreme power in America is the civil power not the military |
| What drastic changes did Japan make to gurantee a peaceful future after WW2? | It renounced war and Emperor Hirohito gave up his Divinity |
| What Wisconsin Senator was the scourge of Reds following the revelations that the Rosenbergs had given atomic secrets to the Soviets? | Joe McCarthy |
| What courageous American playwright explored mass hysteria of the Red Hunt by writing a compelling drama about the Salem Witch Trials? | Arthur Miller in "The Crucible" |
| What spying event embarrassed Eisenhower in the election year of 1960? | The Soviets shot down the U2 spy plane and captured piiot Gary Frances Powers |
| Why were the Nixon-Kennedy televised debates such a watershed for politics? | They proved that television was a powerful new medium to mold public opinion |
| Why was religion an issue in the 1960 elections? | John Kennedy was the first Roman Catholic to be elected President and Protestant voters were wary |
| What compelling image did Winston Churchiill use in describing the repressive power of the Soviets to a Fulton, Missouri audience? | The Iron Curtain |
| What military alliance was formed for the defense of western Europe and also included the US and Canada? | NATO |
| What was the Pacific Rim military pact that formed to combat communist encroachment in Asia? | SEATO |
| What was the military alliance of Russia and its satellite states to combat NATO? | The Warsaw Pact |
| What were three pointed criticisms of 50s society which focused on women's status, corporate conformity and the manipulations of advertising? | Betty Freidan's "Feminine Mystique", Vance Packard's "Hidden Persuaders" and William Whyte's "The Organization Man" |
| Who were the two most famous writer/poets of the Beat generation? | Allen Ginsberg and Jack Kerouac |
| What was the message of the Beats? | They rejected conformity of mainstream society, craved authentic experiences and wanted to write like jazz - spontaneous, open, and experiential. |
| How did the GI Bill profoundly affect education in America? | Half of the vets went to school and became white collar professionals rather than blue collar workers like their parents |
| How did the GI Bill change housing in America? | The housing loan guarantees enabled millions to own their own homes which resulted in a housing boom, creating suburbia. |
| What Long Island developer applied mass production techniques to housing construction and created the first major housing tract of affordable ticky-tacky boxes? | Bill Leavitt and Leavittown |
| How did television sales change America? | Between 1950 and 1978, there was an increase of 91% of American homes owning tv sets. |
| What older forms of entertainment were squeezed out by the popular new tv shows? | Neighborhood movie theaters, social dancing to big bands and some radio shows. |
| What were the social and educational consequences of increased tv viewing? | People visited less with neighbors, stayed home more, and educators worried that kids were not learning how to read. |
| What was one of the most popular tv genres? | The Western |
| What was the cultural influence of tv? | It standardized national culture through advertising, programming, and blurred regional differneces. |
