| A | B |
|---|
| egg | reproductive cell produced by the female parent |
| thymine | the DNA base that joins with adenine |
| fission | a kind of reproduction of single-celled organisms in which the parent no longer exists after reproduction |
| cell division | the basic process of reproducing new cells |
| y-chromosome | the male sex chromosome |
| anaphase | stage of mitosis in which the 2 groups of chromosomes separate apart |
| dominant | the "overpowering" from of a two form trait |
| budding | type of asexual reproduction in which a new organism grows while attached to a parent organism |
| guanine | the DNA base that joins with cytosine |
| crossing | producing offspring from parents with different forms of a trait |
| gene | a DNA code for one trait |
| x-chromosome | female sex chromosome |
| base | one of four different kinds of units that make up DNA |
| reproductive cell (gamete) | a cell with only half as many chromosomes as a regular body cell |
| spindle | fibers which form between centrioles |
| trait | characteristic of an organism |
| zygote | a cell that results from the process of fertilization in sexual reproduction |
| prophase | the first stage of mitosis |
| punnett square | a tool used to predict possible offspring |
| recessive | the "overpowered" form of a two-form trait |
| Gregor Mendel | the father of modern genetics |
| sex-linked trait | a trait that is inherited along with the X-chromosome |
| heterozygous (hybrid) | refers to having 2 different genes for a trait (Tt) |
| homozygous (purebred) | refers to having 2 of the same genes for a trait (tt) (TT) |
| adenine | the DNA base that joins with thymine |
| asexual reproduction | any process by which an organism develops from one parent |
| genotype | the genes an organism carries (BB) or (Bb) or (bb) |
| phenotype | what an organism physically looks like (Brown eyes) or (Green eyes) or (Blue eyes) |
| mitosis | the process in which a cell duplicates its chromosomes as part of cell division |
| centriole | cylinder shaped structure in an animal cell |
| telophase | last phase of mitosis, when a new cell membrane forms |
| interphase | the phase in between stages of mitosis |
| regeneration | type of asexual reproduction in which new organisms grow from parts of an organism |
| fertilization | the joining of a sperm with an egg |
| embryo | the developing organism after the zygote forms |
| metaphase | stage of mitosis in which chromosomes line up across the center of the spindle |
| sexual reproduction | the process in which an organism develops from two different organisms |
| meiosis | the process by which a cell duplicates its chromosomes, splits in two and then splits again |
| cytosine | the DNA base that joins to guanine |
