| A | B |
|---|
| Abraham Lincoln | President of the United States |
| Jefferson Davis | president of the Confederate States of America |
| Ulysses S. Grant | general of the Union army that defeated Lee |
| Robert E. Lee | leader of the Army of Northern Virginia |
| Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson | a skilled Confederate general from Virginia |
| Frederick Douglass | a former slave who escaped to the North and became an abolitionist |
| Missouri Compromise (1820) | Missouri was a slave state; Maine, a free state. |
| Compromise of l850 | California was a free state. Southwest territories would decide about slavery. |
| Kansas-Nebraska Act | People decided the slavery issue (“popular sovereignty”). |
| Fort Sumter, S.C | the firing here started the Civil War |
| Battle of Manassas (Bull Run) | the first major battle of the Civil War |
| Emancipation Proclamation | made “freeing the slaves” the new focus of the war. Many freed slaves joined the Union army. |
| Battle of Vicksburg | divided the South; the North controlled the Mississippi River. |
| Battle of Gettysburg | the turning point of the war; the North repelled Lee’s invasion. |
| Appomattox Court House | Lee’s surrended to Grant here in 1865 ended the war. |
| Clara Barton | a Civil War nurse, created the American Red Cross. |
| Robert Smalls | a sailor and later a Union naval captain, was highly honored for his feats of bravery and heroism. He became a Congressman after the Civil War. |
| tariff | a government tax on imports or exports |
| popular sovereignty | when people have the decision by voting |
| secession | to leave being a part of |
