| A | B |
|---|
| Empiricism | Emphasis on what we can see, taste, touch and feel (and, ultimately, quantify, or measure) |
| Normative | Relating to personal values and preferences. |
| Causal Model | A picture of a causal relationship |
| Direct Relationship | Features two variables increasing together. |
| Positive Relationship | Features two variables increasing together. |
| Negative Relationship | Features one variable increasing, and the other decreasing. |
| Inverse Relationship | Features one variable increasing, and the other decreasing. |
| Linear Relationship | Two variables increase or decrease together |
| Curviliear Relationship | Two variables increase or decrease togther to a point. Then the nature of the relationship changes. |
| Recursive | One-way causality. |
| Nonrecursive | Two-way causality. |
| Parsimony | A goal of causal modeling. To explain as much as possible with as little as possible. |
| Time Priority | 1st condition of causality. The independent variable must appear (in time) before the dependent variable. |
| Covariance | 2nd condition of causality. The independent and dependent variables must co-vary (or change) together. There must be a pattern of change. |
| Spurious Relationship | A relationship that meets the first two conditions of causality, but not the third. |
| Independent Variable | The "cause" in a causal model. |
| Dependent Variable | The effect variable in a causal model. |
| Variable | Phenomenon whose change (variation) is the object of research. |
