| A | B |
|---|
| Where did over 200,000 march to demonstrate in favor of civil rights legislation which was bogged down in a 1963 Senate filibuster? | Washington, D.C. |
| Where did Elizabeth Eckford face a jeering, violent mob as she tried to enter Central High School in 1957? | Little Rock, Arkansas |
| Where did college students begin non-violent sit-ins at lunch counters which spread to a full boycott of downtown businesses in 1960? | Nashville, Tennessee |
| What city was considered the most racist in the South? | Birmingham, Alabama |
| What organization did southern black church leaders form to work for civil rights? | Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) |
| What Pulitzer Prize-winning author made his experiences of racism come alive in the autobiographical "The Ethics of Living Jim Crow" and "Black Boy"? | Richard Wright |
| What kind of non-violent protest did black students use when they tried to order at lunch counters reserved for whites? | Sit-in |
| Who was the American writer and naturalist who refused to pay a poll tax in 1845 to protest slavery? His essay, "Civil Disobedience," influenced modern civil rights activists. | Henry David Thoreau |
| What is the legal principle, established in Marbury v. Madison, that affirms the Supreme Court has the right to say whether or not a law meets Constitutional standards? | Judicial review |
| What XIV Amendment principle was at issue in the landmark case Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas? | Equal Protection |
| What is Segregation? | A system of enforced, legal separation of races. |
| What was Jim Crow? | A series of laws passed after Reconstruction which kept Negroes socially, politically, and legally inferior to whites in southern states. |
| Who was President when the Civil Rights Act, the Voting Rights Act, and Amendment XXIV were passed? | Lyndon B. Johnson |
| The nation's attention was drawn to the injustices of Jim Crow when this 14 year old Chicago visitor was murdered in Mississippi, and the jury ruled "not guilty". | Emmett Till |
| What was significant about President Eisenhower's decision to send in troops to Little Rock to protect black students at the high school? | The Chief Executive used military power to enforce a Supreme Court civil rights decision for the first time since Reconstruction. |
| What is the "two nation South"? | The post-Civil War way of life which kept the two races apart and whites in control of all aspects of life. |
| Who was the Chief Justice who wrote the unanimous decision in the Brown v. Board of Education case? | Earl Warren |
| What brave but tired woman refused to move to the back of the bus in Montgomery ? | Rosa Parks |
| What young minister emerged as a civil rights leader during the Montgomery bus boycott? | Martin Luther King, Jr. |
| In the 1960s what new group of activists came of age and protested for civil rights for black Americans? | College students |
| What were the Freedom Rides? | The bus trip organized by CORE to test which southern states had obeyed a Supreme Court decision to integrate facilities along interestate bus routes. |
| What was the purpose of Dr. King's "Letter from the Birmingham Jail"? | He explained why Negroes cannot wait any longer for justice. |
| In Birmingham, what did the Public Safety Commissioner do to break up protesters - adults and children? | Turned police dogs and water hoses on them. |
| During the 1950s and '60s, many African nations gained their independence from colonial rule. What effect did this have on American blacks? | It made them more impatient and aware of their lower status. |
| What revered Indian nationalist applied civil disobedience to mass protest? | Mohandas Gandhi |
| What powerful urban black leader urged African Americans to create their own identity and use whatever means would work to do so? | Malcolm X |
| What was Freedom Summer? | The 1964 Mississippi voter registration campaign which resulted in beatings and murder of some volunteers. |
| What were 3 methods used to keep southern blacks from voting? | Poll tax, Grandfather Clause, and Literacy Test |
| Where was Dr. King murdered when he supported black sanitation workers in 1968? | Memphis, Tennessee |
| What 1896 Supreme Court case set the standard of "separate but equal" for the 14th Amendment? | Plessy v. Ferguson |
| What group of Native Americans led by Russell Means worked for equality and opportunity? | AIM - American Indian Movement |
| Who was the organizer of migrant workers for civil rights and economicoportunity for Hispanics? | Cesar Chavez |
| What women's rights organization was not able to get the Equal Rights Amendment passed but did push for Title IX? | NOW - National Organization for Women |
| What Black Muslim leader advised African Americans to use the language of a rifle or a rope, but later changed to a more harmonious approach? | Malcolm X |
| What was the prupose of Amendment 23? | Residents of Washington, D.C. could vote. |
| What was the purpose of Amendment 24 | It ended the poll tax as a requirement for voting. |
