| A | B |
|---|
| carbohydrates | a group of chemicals that include sugars, starches, and cellulose. Store energy and provide shape to organisms |
| lipids | a group of chemicals that include fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids. Provide long-term energy storage |
| proteins | a complex macromolecule composed of amino acids |
| nucleic acids | a complex molecules that contain hereditary, or genetic, information |
| element | a substance that cannot be broken down by chemical processes into simpler substances |
| compound | substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in definite proportions |
| organic compounds | a compound that contains carbon; usually associated with living things |
| ion | an atom that has lost or gained electrons |
| isotopes | atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neurons |
| chemical bonds | the attractions that hold two or more atoms together to form a compound |
| chemical reaction | a reaction characterized by the breaking or forming of chemical bonds |
| enzyme | a protein catalyst that speeds up the chemical reactions within an organism |
| metabolism | the combination of all the chemical changes that take place in an organism |
| homeostasis | the tendency kof an organism to maintain stable internal conditions |
| solution | a uniform mixture of two or more substances |
| acid | a compound that releases hydrogen ions in water |
| base | a compound that produces hydroxide ions when disslved in water |
| pH scale | the standard measurement of the concentration of hydrogen ions present in a solution |
| amino acid | basic unit in a protein |
| dipeptide | two amino acids bonded together |
| nucleotide | basic unit in a nucleic acid |
| starch & cellulose | two types of polysaccharides |
| substrate | molecule acted on by an enzyme |
| four | number of covalent bonds made by carbon |
| induced fit | when enzyme "forces" itself around substrate/s |
| disaccharide | two monosaccharides bonded together, double sugar |
| monomer | single unit, represented by separate beads |
| monosaccharide | basic unit that makes up a carbohydrate |
| DNA & RNA | two types of nucleic acids |
| macromolecule | very big polymer |
| polysaccharide | many sugar units bonded together |
| fatty acids | basic units that make up a lipid |
| peptide bond | type of bond that connects amino acids in a protein |
| polymer | chain of monomers |
| polypeptide | many amino acids bonded together |
| active site | part of enzyme that connects with the substrate/s |
